摘要
利用津巴多时间洞察力问卷,采用跨期选择经典范式,考察"现在享乐型"和"未来定向型"两类时间洞察力个体在跨期选择上的偏好,从人格特质角度来探究跨期选择的认知机制。结果发现:(1)现在享乐定向组的延迟折扣率显著高于未来定向组;(2)未来定向组在时间洞察力量表"未来维度"得分与延迟折扣率显著负相关。这说明时间洞察力对个体延迟折扣率具有预测作用,支持了跨期选择的时间感知基础模型。
Intertemporal choice is the individual balancing of costs and benefits of decision-making process which occurred at different times. According to the perceived-time-based model, diminishing sensitivity to longer time horizons and the level of time contraction overall contribute to the degree of hyperbolic discounting. Therefore, the cognition and evaluation of time dimension is of great importance. This is called time perspective （TP）. TP reflects personality difference in the dimension of time, and it is a relatively steady personality trait. However, people lay diversely emphasis on the TP framework of past, present and future. With time perspective as the personality trait, this paper explores whether there is a difference in preference for intertemporal choice between different groups divided by TP. Hence, this study hypothesizes that the time perspective may have an important effect on intertemporal choice. With a classic paradigm of the delay-discounting-task （DDT）, we tested the preferences for intertemporal choice between different groups divided by time perspective. A total of 40 persons, comprising 47.5% men and 52.5% women, completed the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. Only the ＂Present hedonistic＂, the ＂Positive past＂ （PP, a warm and affectionate concept of past） and the ＂Future＂ subscales were used. Based on the result of TP test, subjects were divided into two parts： future-oriented group and present hedonistic-oriented group. Then, all participants completed DDT, in which each person made a series of monetary choices between ￥ d today or ￥ d＇ in 7 day （or 15 days, 30 days）. They were asked to circle either ￥ d today or ￥ d＇ in delayed day, where the percentage difference in money between the two rewards （（ ￥ d＇- ￥ d）/ ￥ d） was selected from the set {5%,1I0%, 15%, 25%, 35%, 50%, 70%, 95%}. In line with our hypothesis, the results showed that compared with the future oriented subjects, the present hedonistic-oriented subjects preferred
出处
《心理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第2期279-283,共5页
Journal of Psychological Science
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31271117)
中央高校基本科研业务经费重大培育项目(SWU1309002)
西南大学心理学部2012研究团队建设项目(TR201207-2)的资助
关键词
跨期选择
时间洞察力
延迟折扣
intertemporal choice, time perspective, delay discounting
