摘要
采用实地调查与实验分析相结合的方法,研究比较了南四湖区现有的4个湿地公园水生植物物种和群丛多样性,并对4个湿地公园水体的pH、电导率（EC）、总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）和化学需氧量（CODcr）进行了检测,其中以微山湖国家湿地公园为主要研究对象,探究了植物群丛分布对湖水水质的影响。结果表明,南四湖区4个湿地公园（简称W、T、B、P）共有水生植物43种,隶属于26科36属,以莎草科种数最多,其次是禾本科和睡莲科。水生植物物种多样性的比较显示T〉W〉B〉P,群丛多样性则是W〉T〉B〉P。4个湿地公园水质均属于中性偏碱性,化学需氧量以B（26.03~41.56mg·L-1）最高,T（9.22~16.98mg·L-1）最低,总氮、总磷含量均以B（TP：1.04~1.89mg·L-1,TN：4.50~5.17mg·L-1）最高,整体水质状态以T最好。不同植物群丛间水体总氮、总磷及化学需氧量存在显著性差异（p〈0.05）,芦苇和长苞香蒲群丛水体的TP、CODcr较低（TP比CK低97.40%和95.30%,CODcr比CK低44.70%和35.60%）;芦苇和茭白群丛水体的TN较低（TN比CK低77.30%和73.40%）,初步证明了自然植物群丛的净化能力。
By using methods of field investigation and laboratory experiments,a comparative study of four wetland parks in Nansi Lake area was conducted to examine the diversity of aquatic macrophyte species and associations.Physicochemical factors such as pH,conductivity（EC）,total nitrogen（TN）,total phosphorus（TP）and chemical oxygen demand（CODcr）were measured to evaluate eutrophication level of the lake water.The influence of aquatic macrophyte associations on spatial distribution of water pollutants was studied on the national wetland park of Weishan Lake,as the main object of study.The results showed：1）a total of 43 species of aquatic macrophytes belonging to 36 genera and 26 families were observed widely in the four wetland parks in Nansi Lake area（referred to as W,T,B,and P）,Cyperaceae had the most species,followed by Gramineae and Nymphaeaceae.The comparison of diversity of aquatic macrophyte species and associations showed that T and W were the better ones among the four wetland parks,followed by B and P.2）Waters in the four wetland parks were mildly alkaline,B had the highest CODcr（26.03~41.56mg/L）,while T had the lowest（9.22~16..98mg/L）.TP and TN of B were also higher than others,ranged 1.04~1.89mg/L and 4.50~5.17mg/L,respectively.The water quality of T was relatively better.3）TN,TP and CODcr were extremely different among different macrophyte associations（p0.05）.TP and CODcr were much lower in the water nearby Phragmites australis（reduced by 97.40% and44.70%）and Typha angustata（reduced by 95.30% and 35.60%）associations,while TN was lower in the water nearby Phragmites australis（reduced by 77.30%）and Zizania latifolia（reduced by 73.40%）associations compared with the control,indicating the purifying capacity of natural aquatic macrophyte associations preliminarily.
出处
《西北林学院学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第2期239-244,271,共7页
Journal of Northwest Forestry University
关键词
湿地公园
水生植物
多样性
水质
南四湖
wetland park
aquatic macrophyte
diversity
water quality
Nansi Lake area
