摘要
当前,人类社会正由传统工业社会逐渐过渡到现代风险社会。现代风险社会之风险不同于传统工业社会之风险,环境风险是现代风险社会之风险的典型表现,环境风险社会是当前社会的真实状态。我国学者构建的"风险刑法"理论,并非基于风险社会之风险,因而受到批判,但若因此彻底否定刑法在应对风险方面的作用,则又走向另一极端。刑法作为社会安全的最后保障,应当积极应对环境风险。《刑法修正案(八)》前后的刑事立法均对重大环境污染事故罪(污染环境罪)采取结果犯的立法模式,这种立法模式有不少缺陷,不利于风险社会的环境保护。以危险犯的模式重构污染环境罪也同样存在弊端。以行为犯的模式重构污染环境罪,有利于风险社会中对污染环境行为的严密惩治。
Human society is moving towards a modern risk society from the traditional industry society.The risk in the risk society is not the same as that in the traditional industry society.The environmental risk is the typical form in the risk society,and the environmental risk society is the actual mode of the society nowadays.The theory of risk criminal law developed by the domestic scholars is not based on the risk in the risk society,therefore is criticized.But the effect of the criminal law in the response to the risk can＇t be denied completely because criminal law is the ultimate defense of the social security.The criminal legislations before and after the 8th Amendment to the Criminal Code both took the legal mode of consequential offense for the crime of major environmental pollution accidents（or the crime of polluting environment）.This legal mode of consequential offense has many defects and is unfavorable for the environment defense in the risk society.Therefore,some scholars advise that the crime of polluting environment should take the legal mode of dangerous offense,but there also exist many defects in this legal mode.The legal mode of behavioral offense for the crime of polluting environment is in favor of the tight punishment of the action of polluting environment in the risk society.
出处
《河南大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第2期42-51,共10页
Journal of Henan University(Social Sciences）
关键词
风险社会
环境风险
风险刑法
环境犯罪
污染环境罪
risk society
environmental risk
risk criminal law
environmental offense
crime of polluting environment
