摘要
通过水稻土柱模拟渗滤试验研究了不同双氰胺用量处理（双氰胺用量为施入尿素总量的1%,2%,3%,4%,5%）对水稻产量、氮肥利用率及稻田氮素淋失的影响。结果表明：与农民常规施肥（FP）处理相比,增施双氰胺各处理产量增加幅度为2.48%-39.11%,氮肥利用率提高幅度为1.26%-10.22%,其中,DCD3、DCD4处理的产量、氮肥利用率显著高于其他处理,产量分别达到9 520.79,9 066.06kg/hm^2,氮肥利用率分别达到38.50%,36.42%。整个水稻生育期全氮淋失量降低了23.68%-37.94%,铵态氮淋失量降低了30.94%-46.69%,硝态氮淋失量降低了25.46%-39.77%,其中,DCD4处理氮素淋失降低幅度最大。硝态氮是氮素淋失的主要形态,各处理的硝态氮淋失量分别占全氮淋失量的68.46%-74.48%。综合考虑,DCD4用量硝化抑制效果最佳,使得氮肥在生育关键期充分发挥作用,在保证水稻产量的同时降低了氮素淋失,提高了氮肥利用率。
A soil column leaching experiment was conducted to study the effect of different dicyandiamide rates on rice yield,nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen leaching losses.There are 7treatments in this experiment：CK treatment（no nitrogen）,FP treatment（N 345kg/hm^2）,DCD1treatment（N 270kg/hm^2,DCD 5.87 kg/hm^2）,DCD2treatment（N 270 kg/hm^2,DCD 11.73 kg/hm^2）,DCD3treatment（N 270kg/hm^2,DCD 17.61kg/hm^2）,DCD4treatment（N 270kg/hm^2,DCD 23.48kg/hm^2）,DCD5treatment（N270 kg/hm^2,DCD 29.35 kg/hm^2）.The results showed that,compared to FP treatment,application dicyandiamide treatments rice yield were increased from 2.48%to 39.11%,nitrogen use efficiency increased from 1.26%to 10.22%.DCD3 and DCD4treatments rice yield were 9 520.79kg/hm^2 and 9 066.06kg/hm^2,nitrogen use efficiency were 38.50% and 36.42%,respectively,which were significantly higher than other treatments.During the whole rice growth stage,application dicyandiamide treatments total N leaching loss amount decreased by 23.68%-37.94%,NH＋4-N leaching loss amount decreased by 30.94%-46.69%,NO-3-N leaching loss amount decreased by 25.46% -39.77%,respectively.DCD4 treatment nitrogen leaching losses decreased was the largest.NO-3-N was the main form of nitrogen loss,which accounted for68.46% -74.48% of TN loss.Considering the rice yield and nitrogen leaching losses amount,DCD4 treatment was the best choice to improve nitrogen use efficiency and increase rice yield.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第1期116-120,共5页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
宁夏自然科学基金项目(NZ12258)
宁夏科技支撑计划项目"水稻侧条施肥技术引进及应用研究"
宁夏环保科研项目(20100802)
国家科技重大专项(2014ZX07201-009-002(2))
关键词
双氰胺用量
水稻
氮素淋失
土柱模拟
dicyandiamide level
rice
N losses
soil column simulating
