摘要
康熙对古代书家作品有着较为广泛的学习取法。《石渠宝笈》中著录了康熙临摹二王以降包括智永、褚遂良、颜真卿、苏轼、黄庭坚、米芾、赵孟頫、董其昌、祝允明等名家书迹169件,其中临摹董其昌的作品最多,有63件。从这些作品的时间分布看,康熙从少年时代开始直到晚年,对古代书家作品的学习都不曾间断。《石渠宝笈》和《佩文斋书画谱》著录了较多康熙对古代书迹的题跋。通过对这些题跋的梳理,我们能够清晰地认识到,康熙推重晋人书法,以二王作为评价包括董其昌在内的书家水平高下的标准,宗王喜董成为康熙重要的书法观念。同时,其在题跋中也表达了学书是为政余暇之事、书家当重人品修养的主张。康熙宗王喜董书法观念的形成,有书法发展时代背景和自身喜好的因素,也有政治因素。
The Kangxi emperor drew extensively on works of ancient calligraphers. Shi Qu Bao Ji [石渠宝笈] contains his 169 copies of famous works by Wang Xizhi, Wang Xianzhi, Zhiyong, Chu Suiliang, Yan Zhenqing, Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Mi Fu, Zhao Mengfu, Dong Qichang, Zhu Yunming, etc. Among them there are sixty-three copies of Dong Qichang＇s works, exceeding the others in number. As indicated by the date of each work, from his childhood onward, Kangxi kept learning from ancient calligraphers. Shi Qu Bao Ji and Peiwenzhai Calligraphy and Painting Collections [佩文斋书谏谱] record many his prefaces and postscripts to ancient calligraphic works. It is clear that Kangxi admired calligraphers of the Jin dynasty and took Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi as the standards to evaluate other calligraphers, including Dong Qichang. This reveals Kangxi＇s view on calligraphy, i.e. taking Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi as masters while favouring Dong Qichang. In his prefaces and postscripts, Kangxi also argues that calligraphy is a statesman＇s hobby in spare time and a calligrapher must value moral integrity. Kangxi＇s view on calligraphy has connections with the evolution of calligraphy, his personal interests and political factors.
出处
《中国国家博物馆馆刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第2期101-113,共13页
Journal of National Museum of China
关键词
康熙
临摹
书法观
宗王喜董
Kangxi emperor
copy
view on calligraphy
Wang Xizhi
Wang Xianzhi
Dong Qichang
