摘要
为了研究沙质海岸风口区风障配置和堆积沙丘治理模式,为防沙治沙提供理论依据。在沙质海岸前沿风口地段设置15%、30%、45%和60%4种不同透风率的风障,开展其风速变化规律及阻沙特征研究,并选择黄花月见草、厚藤和单叶蔓荆3种草本植物在形成沙丘进行种植尝试。结果表明:1)透风率15%的风障最大防风效能达到89.23%,风速减半的防护距离为5H(H为风障高度),因堆沙效果显著,适合设置为堆沙风障;2)透风率30%与45%的风障最大防风效能分别为76.70%和71.53%,防护距离最大为6H,可在堆沙风障后设置为防风风障;3)透风率60%的风障最大防风效能为59.47%,由于堆沙能力较弱,防护距离较短而不适宜采用,在风障形成的堆沙上,种植的厚藤具有良好的生存能力和蔓延速度,是闽东南沿海前沿裸露沙地固沙的先锋草本。
In order to provide scientific reference for desertification combating,it is necessary to study the configuration of wind fence and governance model of sand dunes on coastal sandy land and in the drought conditions. We designed four permeabilities of wind fence（including 15%,30%,45% and60%） on sandy land in drought conditions,and investigated wind velocity variation and heaping sand characteristics in this study. Three kinds of sand-fixing herb,namely Oenothera glazioviana,Ipomoea pes-caprae and Vitex trifolia were selected to stabilize sand dunes. The results indicated that 15%permeability was best fit for setting as sand-heaping wind fence with the highest windproof efficiency reaching 89. 23% and the protection distance halving wind speed of 5H（H means the height of wind fence）. And windproof efficiencies of 30% and 45% permeabilities were 76. 70% and 71. 53%,respectively,and could be set up as reducing wind fence after sand-heaping wind fence,and their protection distance that halves wind speed was 6H. The windproof efficiency of 60% permeability was the lowest,59. 47%,and was unsuitable to be set up as wind fence for its weak sand-arresting function and short protection distance. The sand dunes formed by sand-heaping wind fence should be stable over time,and Ipomoea pes-caprae is an optimum pioneer herbaceous plant for fixing sandy at frontier bare sandy land because of its strong survival ability and spreading speed in the southeast coastal areas of Fujian.
出处
《中国水土保持科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第1期54-58,共5页
Science of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
福建省科技厅公益类科研院所专项"海岸风口困难立地飞沙控制技术研究"(2011R1013-7)
国家林业局南方山地用材林重点实验室
福建省森林培育与林产品加工利用重点实验室资助
关键词
沙质海岸
风障
阻沙特征
防风效能
coastal sandy land
wind fence
characteristics of heaping sand
windproof efficiency
