摘要
土著民族汉语是云南当地土著民族为与汉族移民进行有效交际而出现的带有本民族语言特征的汉语。云南汉语方言是明代中期在通用官话的基础上受土著民族汉语的影响而形成的又一汉语方言。在汉族移民人口数量还不是较多的情况下,土著民族汉语以其简略易通的特征成为不同方言区的汉族移民之间、汉族移民与土著民族之间进行有效交际的工具。本悟成书于1586年的《韵略易通》是明代汉族移民云南汉语方言形成的标志。书中因"韵略"而出现的大量的"重韵"不是当时任何汉语方言的特征而是云南土著民族汉语的典型特征。明前期汉族移民为了交际的"易通",他们使用的汉语未能向当时的通用官话靠拢,而是向土著民族汉语靠拢,最终形成云南汉语方言。明代土著民族汉语是云南汉语方言的直接源头。
Chinese of the native peoples was a type of Chinese with native language features which was used for effective com- munication between the native peoples and the Han immigrants. Yunnan Chinese dialect was another Chinese dialect which was formed on the basis of common Mandarin Chinese in the Ming dynasty under the influence of the languages of the native peoples. At the time when the Han immigrant population was not large, Chinese of the native peoples, which was simple and easy to understand, was an effective tool for communication between the Han immigrants with different dialects and between the Han immigrants and the native peoples. Yunltie Yitong, which was finished in 1586, was the symbol of formation of the Han immigrants＇ Chinese dialect in Yunnan in the Ming Dynasty. The large number of ＂same rhymes＂ in the book was a characteristic of the Chinese of the native peoples, rather than that of any Chinese dialect. That is, the Chinese the Han immigrants used during the early Ming Dynasty failed to move toward the common Mandarin Chinese, but toward the Chinese of the native peoples, and finally became the Chinese dialect of Yunnan. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Chinese of the native nations in Yunnan in the Ming Dynasty is the direct source of Yunnan Chinese dialect.
出处
《学术探索》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第3期82-87,共6页
Academic Exploration
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(10XYY009)
关键词
土著民族汉语
《韵略易通》
云南汉语方言
Chinese of the Native people
Yunltie Yitong
Yunnan Chinese dialect
