摘要
编纂于十六世纪末叶的《葡汉词典》(Dicionario Portugues-Chines),是已知欧汉双语词典中最早的一部,而其著者究竟为谁,迄今仍是一桩疑案。词典正文的汉语对应词和释义,由某位文字修养不高的中国人书写,含有大量俗字,包括简笔、异体、别字、自造字等,由之可窥明末民间使用汉字的情形。进而考察近代汉字的流变,上溯至敦煌写本,证之以《干禄字书》、《龙龛手镜》、《宋元以来俗字谱》等字书,可知《葡汉词典》中所见的许多字乃是汉字由古及今过渡的形式。
The Dicionario Portugues-Chines(Portuguese-Chinese Dictionary) is one of the earliest linguistic documents left behind by Europeans who sailed to Southeast China in the late 16 th century.While the identification of the compiler remains controversial,it is plainly evident that most of the Chinese characters in it were written by an undereducated native.Apart from many wrongly shaped or incorrectly used characters,a considerable number of the characters are simplified characters and deviant characters.It shows the status quo of character usage among the common people in the late Ming Dynasty,which serves as a transitional period between the Tang Dynasty and the modern age in the evolution of Chinese characters.
出处
《中国语文》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第2期180-188,192,共9页
Studies of the Chinese Language
基金
国家社科基金项目"西方汉语研究史"的阶段成果
项目批准号11BYY003
关键词
俗字
汉字流变
葡汉词典
早期西洋汉语研究
irregular characters
evolution of Chinese characters
Diciondrio Portugues-Chines
earlier period of overseas Chinese study
