摘要
春马铃薯栽培过程中需要人工抠破地膜放苗。采用地膜覆盖露地栽培、一垄双行栽培模式，通过膜上覆土技术代替人工破膜，考查膜上覆土的时间和厚度对出苗率、生育期、商品薯率的影响，探索适合当地马铃薯的栽培方式。研究表明，处理7、8和9顶芽距地表2 cm时覆土，覆土厚度相同，出苗率最高、出苗时间较早，出苗率分别为89.24%、94.97%、95.33%；处理7和8平均生育期与对照一致，均为86天；商品薯率与商品薯产量、生育期、出苗率显著正相关，处理8和9的商品薯率比对照显著增加约5%，其他各处理均表现出不同程度的减产，减产范围为6%~65%；处理8生育期为86天，商品薯率为96.40%，高于处理9，与对照相近，为最佳处理。结果表明，马铃薯顶芽距离地表2 cm时，覆土2~3 cm的处理最优。实施膜上覆土解决了人工破膜的弊端，对马铃薯产业持续健康发展具有一定意义。
In the process of spring potato shed cultivation, artificial rupture of membrane is needed. Using the cultivation mode of mulching cultivation and the double ridge cultivation during open cultivation, the effect of the time and thickness of covering soil to the emergence rate, the growth period and the commodity rate of potato were measured in order to find suitable cultivation of local potato. When the soil’s thickness was the same and it’s 2 cm above the ground, the highest germination rate and earliest germination time of treatment 7, 8 and 9 were gotten. The emergence rates respectively were 89.24%, 94.97%and 95.33%. The average growth period of treatment 7 and 8 was 86 d, which was the same with the control. There was significant positive correlation between the commodity rate of potato and the emergence rate, growth period and the commodity potato production. The commodity rate of potato was higher than the control. Other treatments showed different degrees of reduction. The reduction range was 6%-65%. The growth period of the treatment 8 was 86d. The commodity rate of potato of the treatment 8 was 96.40%, which was higher than the treatment 8 and the same with the control. The treatment 8 was the best treatment. The results showed that when the potato buds was over 2 cm from the surface, the best overburden thickness was 2-3 cm. The covering soil over membrane over membrane solved the drawbacks of the artificial rupture of membrane. This study had some significance to the sustainable and healthy development of the potato industry.
出处
《农学学报》
2015年第1期1-4,共4页
Journal of Agriculture
基金
滕州市科技发展计划政策引导类项目"二季作区春马铃薯膜上覆土技术研究"(201306002-03)
关键词
春马铃薯
膜上覆土
人工破膜
滕州市
Spring Potato
Covering Soil over Membrane
Artificial Rupture of Membrane
Tengzhou City
