摘要
目的了解医院临床分离菌的构成及其耐药性,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供参考依据。方法统计2013年医院临床分离菌,对其分布和耐药性进行分析。结果分离的3390株临床分离菌中,革兰阴性菌占63.1%;革兰阳性菌占27.1%;真菌占9.8%。革兰阴性菌中大肠埃希菌的比率最高,为24.5%,肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌分别占13.3%、10.3%、9.5%和5.9%。肠杆菌科细菌对亚胺培南未出现耐药。铜绿假单胞菌对氨基糖苷类、碳青霉烯类抗生素、左氧氟沙星、头孢他啶耐药率均<15%。鲍曼不动杆菌对多黏菌素和头孢哌酮舒巴坦的耐药率相对较低,分别为1.8%和23.6%,对亚胺培南和美罗培南的耐药率分别为48.6%和47.8%。金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌中对甲氧西林耐药株所占比率分别为42.1%和56.6%。未检出对利奈唑胺、万古霉素和替考拉宁耐药的革兰阳性球菌。红霉素、克林霉素、复方磺胺甲恶唑和头孢唑林等对葡萄球菌属耐药率>50%,青霉素耐药率近100%,但对肺炎链球菌仍全敏感。呋喃妥因对粪肠球菌耐药率<10%,而青霉素、氨苄西林、氯霉素、左氧氟沙星对其耐药率近30%。白色念珠菌对常用抗真菌药耐药率<40%。结论医院临床分离菌耐药较严重,应采取有效干预措施加强监管,合理使用抗菌药物,减缓细菌耐药。
Objective To understand the composition of clinical isolates from our hospital and its drug resistance,in order to provide reference for clinical rational use of antimicrobial agents. Methods The clinical isolates bacteria from our hospital were statistically analyzed in 2013 ,and then to analyze the distribution and drug resistance. Results In 3390 strains of clinical isolated bacteria, gram negative bacteria accounted for 63.1% ; Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 27.1% ; Fungi accounted for 9.8%. And in gram-negative bacterium,the e. coli had the highest proportion （ 24.5% ） ,klebsiella pneumoni- ae, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter baumannii accounted for 13.3% , 10.3%, 9.5% and 13.3% respectively. Enterobacteriaeeae bacteria did not appear resistant to imipenem. The drug resistance rate of pseudomonas aeruginosa to aminoglycoside penicillium, carbon alkene, levofloxacin, cephalosporin antibiotics was all less than 15%. The drug resistance rate of acinetobacter baumannii to polymyxin and cefoperazone sulbaetam was relatively low, and was 1.8% and 23.6% respectively. The drug resistance rate of acinetobacter baumannii to imipenem and meropenem was 48.6% and 47.8% respectively. The resistant strains of staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative staphylococcus to methicillin accounted for 42.1% and 56.6% respectively. It didn＇t detected to resistant gram positive coccus to linezolid,vancomycin and teicoplanin. The drug resistance rate of erythromycin, clindamycin, trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole and cefazolin to staphylococcus was grea- ter than 50%, which was nearly 100% to penethamate, but which is sensitive to streptococcus pneumoniae. The drug resistance rate of furadantin to enterococcus faecalis was less than 10% ,but it is nearly 30% for penicillin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, levofloxacin. The drug resistance rate of candida albicans to common antifungal drugs was mostly 〈 40%. Conclusions The hospital drug resistance of clinical isolated bacteria is serious, so
出处
《临床合理用药杂志》
2015年第5期1-3,5,共4页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rational Drug Use
关键词
临床分离菌
分布
耐药性
Clinical isolated bacteria
Distribution
Drug resistance
