摘要
目的了解我国中学生吸烟现状及相关影响因素,为制定预防青少年吸烟的干预措施和控制策略提供依据。方法于2011年以分层随机整群抽样的方式从全国7个地区(华东、东北、华北、华中、华南、西北、西南)的10个省份(直辖市)抽取城市和农村共40所中学26 973名学生,就吸烟状况及相关因素进行问卷调查。结果共发放问卷26 973份,收回合格问卷23 604份,有效应答率为87.51%。各地区之间、各地区同性别学生之间现在吸烟率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),华东地区最低;各地区中学生对吸烟危害的认知差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),华东地区中学生对烟草危害的认知较好。影响因素单因素分析显示:各个地区性别、同学吸烟、近1个月见过老师吸烟、学习成绩4个因素与现在吸烟率有关(P<0.001)。多因素分析显示:各地区男生、同学吸烟、学习成绩差、近1个月见到老师吸烟的中学生吸烟危险度高(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论针对不同地区的吸烟影响因素从学校、家庭、社会三方面综合开展相应的干预措施,降低中学生的吸烟率。
Objective To investigate the current situation of smoking and its related influencing factors among middle school students in China and to provide scientific data for making the strategy on smoking prevention and control in adolescents. Methods A total of 26 973 students from 40 schools in representative provinces （municipality） of seven areas （Eastern China, Northeast China, North China, Central China, South China, Northwest, Southwest China） in China were randomly selected by multiple stages cluster sampling and the smoking status and related factors were surveyed using standardized questionnaires. Results The total questionnaires were 26 973, and the response rate was 87.51% with 23 604 qualified questionnaires. The rate of current smoking were significantly different （P〈0.001） in different areas in China, the same as the rate of current smoking between boys and girls （P〈0.001）, the smoking rates in total students and male students in East China area were the lowest. The awareness rate about the harm of tobacco among students was significantly different in seven areas in China; Students in East China area had the best knowledge. The results of single factor analysis indicated that gender, classmates smoking, teacher smoking, learning achievement had significant impact on students smoking behavior in China （P〈0.001）. Multivariate analysis results demonstrated that male, classmate smoking, teacher smoking and poor performance in learning were significant factors for middle school students more likelihood to current smoking in China （P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）. Conclusion Aiming at the risk factors of smoking in middle school in different regions in China, schools, families and society, should carry out comprehensive intervention measures to reduce the smoking rates in adolescents.
出处
《环境与健康杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第9期784-787,共4页
Journal of Environment and Health
基金
江苏省卫生科技项目(H201224)
江苏省疾病预防控制中心科教兴卫工程重点人才项目基金(JKRC2011006)
关键词
现在吸烟
中学生
影响因素
Current smoking
Middle school students
Influencing factors
