摘要
本文区分了构字法研究常常混淆的两种概念:结构单位和功能单位。文章认为,汉字的结构单位是部件,而功能单位是字素,字素有形符、义符、音符和记号四类。与结构上的"独体字/合体字"相对应,功能上应当区分"单字素字/多字素字"。根据四种字素的组合方式,本文概括出汉字有四种基本构字法:象形构字、示义构字、记音构字和约定构字。文章还进一步支持和论证了汉字是语素文字的观点。
This article discusses the formation of Chinese characters, it makes a clear distinction between Component （the structural unit） and Grapheme （the functional unit）, the two concepts that are often not distinguished. Grapheme contains four subcategories： the pictographic element, the phonetic element, the semantic element and the mark. In comparison to the traditional structural twin concepts ＂ Simplex character/Compound character＂, their counterparts, the functional twin concepts ＂Mono-grapheme char- acter/Muhi-grapheme character＂ are proposed. Based on the usage and combination of the four types of grapheme, this article illustrates the four fundamental methods of character-formation： pictographic, se- mantic, phonetic and conventional formations.
出处
《海外华文教育》
2015年第1期78-88,共11页
Overseas Chinese Education
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(项目批准号:12&ZD175)的支持
关键词
构字法
字素
记号
部件
汉字功能单位
character-formation
grapheme
mark
components
synchronicity
