摘要
采用空间位移法,将河北省吴桥县3种质地（砂土、砂质壤土、砂质粘壤土）的原状土转移到同一地点,研究了华北平原免耕覆盖下3种质地土壤的水分特征与作物产量。试验于2010-2013年开展,地点设在河北省吴桥县中国农业大学吴桥实验站。结果表明：相对传统翻耕,免耕覆盖可以增加土壤体积含水量,且在砂质壤土上的保水效果比其他2种土质更明显;砂质粘壤土免耕覆盖处理0-20 cm土层土壤体积含水量较传统翻耕处理低,不同于其他2种土壤;根据试验前2年结果,免耕覆盖并未显著提高作物的水分利用效率,小麦季趋势较为一致,砂土、砂质壤土和砂质粘壤土免耕覆盖的WUE比翻耕分别低13.95%、9.76%和8.61%;玉米季不同土质的趋势有差异,其中砂土免耕覆盖处理的WUE比翻耕低6.45%,而砂质粘壤土免耕覆盖处理的WUE比翻耕高4.89%,但差异均不显著;3种土质下,免耕覆盖相对传统翻耕没有表现出增产优势,小麦产量比传统翻耕分别降低7.09%、4.26%和0.39%,玉米产量分别减少9.81%、4.11%和10.19%。本试验条件下,免耕覆盖措施在3种土质均具有较好的保水效果,但短期内没有表现出增产趋势。
Sandy soil （S）, sandy loam soil （SL） and sandy clay loam soil （SCL） were transpor-ted using the spatial displacement method to Wuqiao Station of China Agricultural University,Hebei Province for studying soil moisture and crop yield under no-tillage with mulch and conven-tional tillage during 2010 to 2013. The results showed that compared with conventional tillage,no-tillage with mulch increased soil volumelric water content, and the effect was more obvious onSL than on S and SCL; the soil volumetric water content of 0-20 cm under no-tillage with mulchwas lower than under conventional tillage in SCL, which is different from S and SL. However,crop water use efficiency （WUE） was not improved under no-tillage with mulch according to thefirst two years experiment. The variation trend of WUE was consistent for the three soils in wheatgrowing season. WUEs under no-tillageunder conventional tillage in S, SL andin WUE were observed among differentwith mulch were 13.95%, 9.76% and 8.61% lower thanSCL, respectively. In maize growing season, differences soil textures. WUE under no-tillage with mulch was 6.45% lower than under conventional tillage in S, while the WUE under no-tillage with mulch was4.89% higher than under conventional tillage in SCL, but the differences were not significant.No-tillage with mulch did not show advantage in yield increase. The wheat yields were 7.09%,4.26% and 0.39% lower under no-tillage with mulch than under conventional tillage, and themaize yield was 9.81%, 4.11% and 10.19% lower than under conventional tillage in S, SL andSCL, respectively. Under the experimental conditions, no-tillage with mulch has a better effect onwater conservation, but cannot increase crop yield in short term.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第2期393-398,共6页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD16B15和2012BAD14B03)资助
关键词
空间位移
土壤质地
免耕
秸秆覆盖
土壤水分
spatial displacement
soil texture
no-tillage
straw mulching
soil moisture
