摘要
一 问题所在
由秦律和汉律可知,秦汉时期已经实行彻底的齐民统治,如云梦睡虎地秦简和张家山《二年律令》。秦汉律令规定了人民的劳动、消费、资源分配等几乎所有事情,进而控制人民的一般生活。对此,有人怀疑其当时是否能够实施。
With the assumption that the burials and settlements are located almost together, this paper inferred the locations of the settlements through the distributions of the burials, in this work, excavation reports and materials of several provinces published in the past are trimmed, and the distances between the cemeteries and county seats are calculated as precise as possible based on the coordinate data fetched by GPS surveying. The results showed that most of the burials of the Western Han Dynasty were distributed on the periphery of the county seats at that time, and based on this the fact that the common farmers were also living inside or nearby the county seats is confirmed. Moreover, this fact reflected that the state power was thoroughly put into effect based on the governing system of "bianhu qirnin (registering common people)" in the Western Han Dynasty. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the settlements were not limited to the periphery of the county seats, and even scattered randomly in the areas far from them. These features coincided with the records about the collapse of the ruling clique because of the social turmoil and the formation and distribution of the new settlements in the places far from the county seats caused by the construction of cas- tles and manors by the powerful families. These situations also interpreted the fact that it was rather difficult for the state power to be carried out thoroughly into the settlements compared to that in the Western Han Dynasty. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the old ruling methods were somewhat restricted and new ruling forms were attempted, and the distribution pattern of the settlements could provide a reason for this attempt. It is hardly to identify a settlement to be a natural village or an administrative village, but the fact that in the Western Han Dynasty the settlements were concentrated at the periphery of the county seats proved that the intentional organizations could not appear without the influence of the state powers, so these settlements had s
出处
《考古学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第1期35-54,共20页
Acta Archaeologica Sinica