摘要
线粒体是真核生物重要的细胞器,为细胞提供大部分能量,同时也是活性氧(ROS)产生场所及细胞凋亡控制中心。线粒体来自与宿主共生的α-变形菌(α-Protobacteria),在形成细胞器的过程中α-变形菌蛋白组逐渐变小,将大部分遗传物质转移到核的同时与宿主建立了稳定的内共生关系。大多数现存真核生物的线粒体仍保留有少量来自α-变形菌的基因,其功能非常保守,仅编码线粒体蛋白合成相关的t RNA、r RNA、核糖体蛋白和氧化磷酸化复合物亚基蛋白。本文将从线粒体起源及蛋白含量进化进行综述。
Mitochondria exist in all eukaryotes as the main source of energy. They also generate reactiveoxygen species (ROS) as toxic by- products and control the cell apoptosis. Mitochondria origin fromendosymbiotic α- protobacterial ancestors which transferred most of its genes to the nuclear whileestablishing stable symbiosis with the host. Most of the modern mitochondria still have genes from their α-protobacterial ancestors with conserved coding capacity involved in transcription and translation ofmitochondrial tRNA, rRNA, ribosomal protein and subunits of oxidative phosphorylation complex. Thisreview summarizes the advances concerning origin of mitochondria and subsequent change in the size ofmitochondrial proteome.
出处
《科技通报》
北大核心
2015年第1期61-66,共6页
Bulletin of Science and Technology
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划("973"计划)2014CB541704
国家自然科学基金81330024
关键词
线粒体
α-变形菌
内共生
蛋白含量
进化
mitochondria
α-protobacteria
endosymbiosis
proteome
evolution