摘要
目的 对六种实验动物的消化腺进行比较组织学研究,并观察其自发性病变,为实验动物病理学检测标准及以它们为基础的科学研究提供理论依据.方法 选取按照现行实验动物质量国家检测标准检测合格的猕猴30只、比格犬16只、树鼩20只、日本大耳白兔18只、SD大鼠20只及昆明小鼠20只,经麻醉后处死并剖检.选取消化腺组织体积分数10％甲醛固定,常规石蜡切片,HE染色、免疫组化染色及特殊染色,光镜观察,比较它们在组织学结构方面的异同及有无自发性病变.结果 （1）腮腺、颌下腺、舌下腺的组织学差异主要是腺泡的组成、腺泡内脂肪组织的含量、黏液性腺泡AB/PAS染色的情况及导管系统的组织学结构;（2）作为一种独有的唾液腺,比格犬有一对颧腺,日本大耳白兔有一对眶下腺;（3）肝脏的组织学差异主要是肝小叶的组织学结构、门管区的组织学结构及肝细胞的形态;（4）胰腺的组织学差异主要是胰腺小叶内有无淋巴组织以及胰腺导管系统的组织学结构;（5）胆囊的组织学差异主要是表面上皮的形态、黏膜窦是否明显;（6）炎症是肝脏普通存在的自发性病变,在部分实验动物的颌下腺及胰腺也可观察到炎细胞浸润.结论 获得了六种实验动物宝贵的组织学资料并分别揭示了各自的组织学特点.研究人员在制定病理学检测标准、实验研究、药物安全性评价时应充分考虑各种动物的组织学结构差异及自发性病变的存在.
Objective To study the histological differences on digestive glands among 6 species of laboratory animals,and observe their spontaneous lesions,providing a theoretical basis for pathological testing standards of laboratory animals.Methods 30 rhesus monkeys,16 Beagle dogs,18 Japanese white rabbits,20 SD rats and 20 KM mice for study.The same and different histological structure characters of them were summarized by comparative study,spontaneous lesions of digestive gland were observed.Results （1） The major histological differences of parotid gland,submandibular gland and sublingual gland were acinar structures,adipose tissue content in acinus,AB/PAS staining status of glutinous acinus and the histological structures of conduct pipe.（2）Beagle dog had a couple of glandula zygomaticas,and Japanese rabbit had a couple of suborbital glands as a exclusive salivary gland.（3）The major histological differences of liver were the histological structures of hepatic lobule and portal area,morphological characters of hepatocytes.（4）Whether the presence of lymphoid tissue in glandular lobule and the histological structures of conduct pipe were major histological differences of pancreas.（5）Whether the presence of mucous membrane antrums and the morphological characters of germinal epithelium were major histological differences of gallbladder.（6） Inflammation was a common spontaneous lesions of liver.Conclusion Some valuable digestive gland histological data in 6 species of laboratony animals were obtained,and their different histology characters were revealed.The histological differences on digestive glands and spontaneous lesions in different animal species should be fully considered in biomedical researches.
出处
《实验动物与比较医学》
CAS
2014年第6期454-462,共9页
Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine
基金
云南省科技基础条件平台建设项目（2005PT05）、云南省应用基础研究自筹项目（2011FZ323）
关键词
实验动物
猕猴
比格犬
树鼩
兔
大鼠
小鼠
消化腺
比较组织学
Laboratory animals
Rhesus monkey
Beagle dog
Japanese white rabbit
Tree shrew
SD rat
KM mouse
Digestive gland
Comparative histology
