摘要
定性比较分析是社会科学领域中一种新兴的研究方法,由于它综合了定量研究与定性研究两种主流研究方法的优势,并且擅长处理社会现象中普遍存在的复杂因果关系,因此它已经在社会科学研究中得到了较为普遍的关注和应用。定性比较分析在具体运用过程中形成了清晰集分析、模糊集分析与多值分析三项主要分析技术,而且新的有关时序分析的技术也在开发之中。在国际关系学界,定性比较分析的应用成果主要集中在战争、冲突和威慑等传统安全研究领域。定性比较分析的实际操作过程可以分为研究设计、软件计算和结果表达三部分,每一部分都包含了若干特有的步骤和技巧。由于综合了定量分析和定性分析的优势并弥补了它们的明显缺陷,定性比较分析具有很强的方法优势,但仍存在案例敏感性高、条件变量的数量限制、变量取值缺乏客观标准、无法有效处理时序问题等不足。
Qualitative comparative analysis(QCA) is an emerging research method in social science research which has been widely applied in recent years for its combination of relative advantages of qualitative and quantitative analysis as well as its focus on complex causalities commonly observable in social relations.Three main techniquescrisp-set,fussy-sets,and multi-value QCA-have been developed during the evolution of this method while a newly time-series qualitative comparative analysis is still in progress.The applications of QCA techniques in the field international relations are primarily used in traditional security studies.In this paper,the author makes a detailed survey on the basic principles,mainstream techniques,and operational procedures of qualitative comparative analysis,and explores the status of the application of various QCA techniques in international relations.Although QCA is a promising research method in international relations studies,the author also points out that QCA still has some drawbacks to be overcome,especially the problem of case sensitivity,limited number of the conditional variables,objective standard of categorizing variables,as well as the difficulties of temporal analysis.
出处
《世界经济与政治》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第1期90-110,158-159,共21页
World Economics and Politics
关键词
定性比较分析
定性研究
定量研究
国际关系研究方法
qualitative comparative analysis
qualitative research
quantitative research
international relations
