摘要
利用ANSYS对拉丝机塔轮轴进行模拟,分析塔轮轴在4种拉拔工艺下钢丝对轴的径向力、扭矩等交变载荷下的变形、应力场等,并对断口进行失效分析。结果表明,在拉丝机的4种拉拔工艺中,塔轮轴的总体形变从第二阶梯轴开始,最大变形量出现在挡板前端。塔轮轴的最大变形量1.24mm,最大等效应力336.75MPa,最大等效应变1.67×10-3,最小疲劳寿命2.29年。疲劳敏感曲线随加载历程的变化趋势依次为微变,骤减,趋于稳定。第二与第三阶梯轴的轴肩处受到大小相等、方向相反的载荷作用,使载荷之间的截面发生相对错动,形成剪切形变。塔轮轴的等效应力、应变的峰值集中于轴肩处。塔轮轴失效属于疲劳断裂。塔轮轴在交变载荷下,出现滑移带、挤出脊和夹杂物开裂现象,裂纹核成为微裂纹源,扩展为宏观裂纹,最终达到断裂极限,发生断裂。
Tower axle in the wet drawing machine was analyzed by using simulation software of ANSYS .Analyses of deformation and stress field distribution were carried out under the action of axis force of tower axle ,torsion and so on in four different kinds of drawing process .Fatigue of the tower axle was also analyzed .It turns out that the deformation of the tower axle starts from the second multi‐diameter axle ,and the maximum of deformation appears in the front‐end of baffle by the tower axle .The maximum value of deformation in the tower axle is 1.24mm .The maximum value of equivalent stress is 336.75MPa .The maximum value of equivalent strain is 1.67 × 10^-3 .The minimum value of fatigue life is 2.29 years .The trend of sensitive fatigue curve with the loading process is that the value of fatigue life changes slightly firstly ,then it drops sharply ,and finally it tends towards stability . The loads of axle collar are equal in the opposite direction between the second and third tower axle .The section is dislocated rela‐tively and forms shear deformation .The peak values of equivalent stress and equivalent strain of tower axle concentrate on axle collar .The failure of tower shaft is fatigue fracture .Slip band ,extrusion ridge and inclusion crack appear under cyclic loading . Crack nucleation becomes a source of micro‐cracks .They extend to macroscopic cracks .And they break by achieving fracture limit .
出处
《塑性工程学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第6期135-141,共7页
Journal of Plasticity Engineering
关键词
塔轮轴
有限元模拟
总体变形
应力应变
疲劳分析
tower axle
finite element simulation
global deformation
stress and strain
fatigue analysis
