摘要
为探索贵州生态条件下粳稻产量与产量构成因子的相关性,为贵州粳稻新品种的选育与应用提供参考,对2008—2013年贵州省审定的9个粳稻品种的产量与相关性状的表型特征、相关性和主成分进行分析。结果表明：1）贵州粳稻品种产量与生育期（r=0.180 4）、有效穗数（r=0.843 6）、结实率（r=0.356 5）呈正相关,与株高（r=-0.609）、穗总粒数（r=-0.3784）、千粒重（r=-0.1261）呈负相关,其中,与有效穗数正向相关达极显著。2）贵州粳稻品种产量超过550kg/667m^2的结构特征：生育期160～165d,株高90～95cm,有效穗24万～25万/667m^2,穗总粒数140～150粒,结实率85%以上,千粒重26g左右。结论：贵州粳稻育种在性状选择上应主攻多穗,适度提高粒重和穗粒数,株高和生育期适中,保证足够有效穗数和较高结实率。
By using nine rice varieties approved by Guizhou Province from 2008 to 2013,the phenotypic characteristics of yield-related traits was studied by means of correlation and principal component analysis to explore the correlation yield and yield components,and to provide a reference for breeding and application of new japonica rice varieties.Results：The yield of Guizhou japonica rice was positively correlated with growth period（r=0.180 4）,effective panicle number（r=0.843 6）and seed setting rate（r=0.356 5）,but negatively correlated with plant height（r=-0.609）,grain number per spike（r=-0.378 4）and 1000-grain weight（r=-0.126 1）,among them the yield and effective panicle number were of extremely significant positive correlation.The effective panicle number,grain weight and growth period commonly played a leading role in yield.The structure characteristics of Guizhou japonica rice variety with yield more than 550 kg were growth period of 160～165d,plant height of 90～95cm,effective panicles of 240～250thoushand/667m^2,grain number per spike of 140～150,seed setting rate of above 85%,1000-grain weight of about 26 g.In view of this,in future,Guizhou japonica rice breeding should select multi spike genotype cultivars as the centre of gravity,moderately improving grain weight and grain number,plant height and growth period of choice moderate.In this way,new rice varieties would hold enough effective panicles and high seed setting rate,to further enhance the level of yield.
出处
《贵州农业科学》
CAS
北大核心
2014年第11期46-48,53,共4页
Guizhou Agricultural Sciences
基金
贵州省科技厅重大专项"贵州特有水稻种质资源优异基因克隆及育种技术研究应用"[黔科合重大专项字(2012)6005]
"水稻种质改良创新及新品种选育与应用"[黔科合重大专项字(2013)6023]
毕节市科技局科技计划项目"水稻种质创新及新品种(组合)选育研究"[毕科合字(2012)34-3]
关键词
粳稻
产量
产量结构
相关性状
育种途径
贵州
japonica rice
yield
structure characteristics
related traits
breeding process
Guizhou
