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内置三维裂隙非均匀性岩石渐进破坏数值研究 被引量:5

Numerical Simulation on Progressive Failure of Heterogeneous Rock Specimens with A Pre-existing Three-dimensional Crack
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摘要 岩石内部裂隙缺陷对新裂纹的萌生扩展有显著影响,导致岩石强度大幅降低甚至破坏.研究内置缺陷岩石裂纹的萌生、演化与微破裂分布,有助于揭示岩体渐进破坏规律,具有重要的工程意义.采用细观损伤数值方法对单轴压缩下内置裂隙岩石的破坏进行研究,再现不同均质度岩石微破裂萌生、发育、扩展、贯通直至破坏以及整个过程的声发射分布.将数值试验同物理实验比较,结合前人研究进行分析.结果表明,内置三维裂隙岩石裂纹扩展和破坏过程与相应物理实验总体上一致;在较均质岩石中观察到反翼型裂纹,揭示出反翼型裂纹主动偏向翼型裂纹扩展的现象;鱼鳍状裂纹在椭圆裂隙扩展试验中极易出现,并在均质岩石中表现为翼型裂纹与反翼型裂纹以卷曲面形式扩展形成包裹状破裂面;岩石非均匀性对其应力场,强度,声发射和破坏形式有显著影响,均质性差的岩石易沿着内置斜裂隙发生单截面剪切破坏;细观损伤数值方法可以模拟岩石破裂全过程并揭示微破裂空间位移、聚集规律,研究结果可为研究岩石破坏机理的物理实验和理论分析提供借鉴. Pre-existing flaws in rocks have great influences on the initiation,propagation and coalescence of newly generated cracks,causing strength degradation and final failure.Investigation on the progressive failure and micro-fracture distribution in rocks with pre-existing cracks contributes to understanding the progressive failure of rocks; and thus significant for engineering practice. A numerical tool named RFPA3 Dwas employed to simulate the progressive fracturing of rock specimens containing a pre-existing crack subjected to uniaxial compression.The microcrack initiation,propagation,coalescence and failure process were reproduced. A contrast analysis between the numerical simulation and previous researches was conducted.Some conclusions can be drawn as follows. In general,the failure process obtained from numerical simulation is similar with that from physical experiments. Anti-wing cracks can be found in the test with homogeneous material; and the phenomenon of anti-wing cracks approaching wing cracks is featured. Fin cracks are likely to be observed with rock specimens containing pre-existing elliptical cracks,which are shown as curved surfaces produced by wing cracks and anti-wing cracks in homogeneous rocks. Heterogeneity affects rock strength and failure significantly. Heterogeneous rocks are easy to damage along the section with pre-existing crack. The meso-scale numerical simulation is effective to simulate the failure processes of rocks,which provides a reference for physic tests and theoretical analysises.
出处 《应用基础与工程科学学报》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2014年第6期1178-1186,共9页 Journal of Basic Science and Engineering
基金 国家自然科学基金项目(51209127 51374149) 教育部新世纪优秀人才项目(NCET-13-0382) 中国博士后基金面上资助项目(2013M540549)
关键词 内置裂隙 非均匀性 单轴压缩 反翼型裂纹 声发射 embedded cracks heterogeneity uniaxial compression anti-wing crack acoustic emission
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