摘要
本文通过虚弱度模型展示了中国高龄老人死亡率模式中的个体异质性,女性内部异质性远大于男性。在控制未观测异质性后,结果显示:男性和女性高龄老人的基准死亡率呈现交叉效应;配偶对男性高龄老人的存活存在显著的保护作用,已婚有偶的男性高龄老人死亡风险较之无偶的低22%(=1-e-0.253);除日常照料和精神慰藉外,子女对烟酒嗜好等不健康生活方式的监督,对男性高龄老人的存活也可能存在不可替代的保护作用。女性高龄老人在社会支持网络依赖、社会经济地位与健康生活方式上迥异于男性,使得配偶和子女以上支持作用并不显著。
The frailty models indicate the heterogeneity of mortality risks both in male and lemale at advanced age in China; while female have a much larger individual heterogeneity. Controlling for unobservable heterogeneity within gender respectively, the results show that： The mortalities of female and male show a crossover effect; The married oldest-old in male tend to have lower hazard rate by 22% （ = 1 - e^-0.253 ） compared to those without spouses, which indicates a protective effect of spouse/marriage; Besides daily care and emotional communication, the supervision and feedback on unhealthy lifestyle such as smoking and alcohol using from children may also significantly increase the possibility of survivals of the male oldest old. As the social net works and support, soeio-economic status as well as healthy lifestyle of female elderly is quite different from the male oldest old, neither the protective effects from their spouse nor from their children is significant in the female oldest old.
出处
《人口学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第1期83-94,共12页
Population Journal
基金
国家自然科学基金国际合作重大项目:健康老龄发展趋势和影响因素研究(71110107025)
国家自然科学基金重点项目:关于改善老龄健康保障机制和科学管理效益的研究(71233001)
关键词
高龄老人
死亡率
家庭支持
异质性
虚弱度模型
the Oldest Old, Mortality, Family Support, Heterogeneity, Frailty Models
