摘要
根据发展循环经济和矿山清洁生产的开发思路,简述了矿山尾矿的产出和利用现状。针对尾矿堆存侵占土地、破坏生态环境、导致空气污染、易发生安全事故等危害,介绍了尾矿再选和大宗消纳等综合利用的两大途径。叙述了尾矿制备加气混凝土的技术特征,指出尾矿加气混凝土制品具有尾矿利用量大、节能降耗显著、保温隔热、质轻抗震、加工容易等综合优良性能,阐述了加气混凝土制备机理及其制品的性能表征,重点总结了利用铁尾矿、铜尾矿、黄金尾矿和其它矿山尾矿制备加气混凝土的技术现状。结合加气混凝土的生产和工程应用实际,提出尾矿制备加气混凝土应重点注意矿山尾矿粒度对建材原料的适应性、活化石灰的质量与原料中钙质矿物的影响、注重科学试验和人才培训、加强尾矿建材制品的力学性能研究等实际问题。
According to development idea on circular economy and clean production to exploiting mineral resources ,the present output and harm of producing on mine tailings were briefly reviewed .Tailings stockpiling have terrible effects on the expropriation of land ,the destruction of the ecological environment , causing air pollution ,easy to produce the safety accidents ,etc .Therefore ,two approaches of comprehensive utilization on tailings ,i .e .,recycling of useful components and bulk of consumption were introduced .On the basis of descriptions on the technical features of tailings ,related properties of autoclaved aerated concrete （AAC） with large amount of tailings utilization ,significant in energy saving ,thermal insulation ,light weight ,easy processing ,aseismatic performance were indicated respectively ,The technical status of utilizing iron tailings ,copper tailings ,gold tailings and other mine tailings to produce autoclaved aerated concrete was summarized intensively after the preparation mechanism of autoclaved aerated concrete and the characterization of autoclaved aerated concrete product were presented in turn .Combining with production of autoclaved aerated concrete and application practice ,Focus of attention of utilizing tailings to producing autoclaved aerated concrete such as mine tailing granularity on the adaptability of building materials ,effects on activated lime quality and raw calcium minerals ,attention to the scientific test and talent training ,strengthening the study on mechanical properties of tailings building materials products ,etc .is raised in the end .
出处
《中国矿业》
北大核心
2014年第12期140-146,共7页
China Mining Magazine
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目资助(编号:2013BAB03B03)
关键词
矿山尾矿
加气混凝土
节能建材
综合利用
mine tailings
autoclaved aerated concrete
energy-saving building materials
comprehensive utilization
