摘要
闭塞性细支气管炎是指小气道损伤后炎症及纤维化引起的慢性气流阻塞的临床综合征,儿童表现为重症呼吸道感染后持续咳嗽、喘息及活动不耐受.重症下呼吸道感染、心肺移植、骨髓移植、Stevens-Johnson综合征、结缔组织病、吸入或摄入有毒物质及药物因素等均可导致闭塞性细支气管炎的发生.闭塞性细支气管炎诊断主要依据临床表现、高分辨率CT和肺功能检查,肺组织活检是诊断闭塞性细支气管炎的金标准.目前尚没有公认的闭塞性细支气管炎治疗准则.早期阶段是临床治疗的关键时期.多数采取持续使用糖皮质激素和支气管舒张剂,同时联合其他支持治疗.该文从病因、发病机制、病理、临床表现、辅助检查、诊断、鉴别诊断及治疗方面对儿童闭塞性细支气管炎进行综述.
Bronchiolitis obliterans （BO） designates a clinical syndrome of chronic airflow obstruction associated with inflammatory changes in the small airways.The presentation of pediatric patients is persistent cough,wheezing and activity intolerance after severe respiratory tract infection.The reasons are as follows：severe respiratory tract infection,heart-lung transplantation,bone marrow transplantation,Stevens-Johnson Syndrome,connective tissue disease,inhalation or ingestion of toxic substances,drug factors and so on.The diagnosis of bronchiolitis obliterans is mainly based on the clinical manifestations,high-resolution CT and pulmonary function test,lung biopsy is the golden standard for diagnosis.The early stage is the key period of clinical treatment,most take the continued use of corticosteroids and bronchodilators,combining with other support treatment.This article reviews the etiology,pathogenesis,pathology,clinical manifestations,laboratory examinations,diagnosis,differential diagnosis and treatment of bronchiolitis obliterans in children.
出处
《国际儿科学杂志》
2014年第6期639-643,共5页
International Journal of Pediatrics
