摘要
利用1991-2010年冬小麦生育期观测资料和同期气温资料,通过分析冬小麦生育期变化趋势及与温度的关系,旨在揭示气候变暖对鲁西南地区冬小麦发育期的影响。结果表明:1近20年来,鲁西南冬小麦全生育期内平均气温以0.57℃/10a的速率显著上升,其中以冬季、春季上升最为明显,随着气温升高,冬小麦播种期、越冬期和返青期延迟,延迟速率分别为4.08、4.02、3.52d/10a,拔节期、抽穗期和成熟期均提前,提前的速率分别为1.88、2.65、1.99 d/10a。2气温升高,冬小麦全生育期以5.87 d/10a的速率缩短,播种-越冬期、越冬-返青、返青-拔节和拔节-抽穗间持续日数均相应缩短,抽穗-成熟期持续日数以0.66/10a的速率延长。3除越冬期与11、12月份气温正相关外,其他生育期均与当月和上月气温呈负相关,其中拔节期和抽穗期与气温呈极显著负相关,播种期和返青期与气温未达显著水平,成熟期与3-4月累计温度相关性比较大。4气候变暖对冬小麦生育期的影响利弊兼有,在实际生产中应采取相应的栽培和管理措施。
Based on the growing stages data of winter wheat and contemporaneous temperature data from 1991 to 2010,the relationship between growing stages and temperature was studied in order to reveal impact of climate warming on growing stages of winter wheat in Southwestern Shandong Province.The result showed that：（i） the average temperature in the winter wheat growing stages from 1991 to 2010 increased significantly at a rate of 0.57℃/10a,which were the most distinct during winter and spring,the sowing,wintering and greening were delayed by the ratio of 4.083/10a,4.018/10a,3.519/10a;the jointing,heading and maturity of winter wheat were all advanced by the ratio of 1.88/10a,2.647/10a,1.985/10a,respectively.（ii） The whole growing stages was shortened by 5.865d/10a and the austained days of sowing-wintering,wintering-greening,greening-jointing and jointing-heading were all shortened,while heading-maturity was prolonged by 0.662/10a.（iii）There was significant negative correlation between other growing stages and temperature while positive correlation between wintering and the temperature in November and December were observed,especially there was a very significantly negative correlation between jointing-heading and temperature.The sowing and greening all did not reach significant level.There was bigger correlativity between maturity and accumulative temperature form March to April.（iv） The impacts of climate warming on growing stages had both positive and negative,so the corresponding cultivation and management measures in the practical production sould be taken.
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第5期2207-2211,共5页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
山东省气象局课题"鲁西南典型植物物候期对气候变化的响应"(2013sdqx11)
关键词
气温
冬小麦
生育期
鲁西南
Temperature
Winter wheat
Growing stages
Southwestern Shandong province
