摘要
目的探讨儿科病房医院感染发生情况,为预防和控制儿科病房医院感染提供依据。方法回顾性调查2012年9月-2014年6月儿科病房2 984例患儿的临床资料,分析医院感染发生率、感染患儿基础疾病构成、感染部位、病原菌分布等。结果共72例发生医院感染,感染率为2.4%;感染部位包括下呼吸道、泌尿道、上呼吸道、胃肠道、皮肤软组织和口腔,分别占40.3%、20.8%、15.3%、11.1%、8.3%和4.2%;基础疾病包括呼吸道疾病、血液系统疾病、肾脏疾病、胃肠道疾病和其他,分别占52.8%、20.8%、12.5%、8.3%和5.6%;病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主占58.0%,主要包括肺炎克雷伯菌、表皮葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌;革兰阳性菌占28.7%,主要为表皮葡萄球菌、溶血性葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌;真菌占13.3%,主要为白色假丝酵母菌;下呼吸道感染的主要病原菌为肺炎克雷伯菌和铜绿假单胞菌,泌尿道感染的主要为大肠埃希菌和肠球菌属,上呼吸道感染的主要为金黄色葡萄球菌,胃肠道感染的主要病原菌为溶血性葡萄球菌。结论儿科病房医院感染部位以下呼吸道感染为主,病原菌主要为革兰阴性菌;为降低儿科病房医院感染率,提高医院感染治疗效果,应做好预防感染措施,加强感染病原菌监测,掌握病原菌动态,提出针对性治疗方案。
OBJECTIVE To explore the incidence of nosocomial infections in the pediatric wards so as to provide guidance for prevention and control of nosocomial infections in the pediatric wards .METHODS The clinical data of 2984 children who were treated in the pediatric wards from Sep 2012 to Jun 2014 were retrospectively investigated , the incidence of nosocomial infections ,the underlying diseases in the children with infections ,the infection sites , and the distribution of pathogens were observed .RESULTS The nosocomial infections occurred in 72 cases with the infection rate of 2 .4% ,among whom the children with lower respiratory tract infections accounted for 40 .3% ,the children with urinary tract infections 20 .8% ,the children with upper respiratory tract infections 15 .3% ,the chil‐dren with gastrointestinal tract infections 11 .1% ,the children with skin and soft tissue infections 8 .3% ,the chil‐dren with oral infections 4 .2% .The respiratory tract disease ,blood system disease ,renal disease ,gastrointesti‐nal tract disease ,and other diseases were the underlying diseases ,accounting for 52 .8% ,20 .8% ,12 .5% , 8 .3% ,and 5 .6% ,respectively .The gram‐negative bacteria were the predominant pathogens ,accounting for 58 .0% ,among which the K lebsiella pneumoniae ,Staphylococcus epidermidis ,and Escherichia coli were domi‐nant .The gram‐positive bacteria accounted for 28 .7% ,among which the S .epidermidis ,Staphylococcus haemo‐lyticus ,and Staphylococcus aureus were the predominant species .The fungi accounted for 13 .3% ,and the Can‐dida albicans was the predominant species .The K .pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the predomi‐nant species of pathogens causing the lower respiratory tract infections ;the E .coli and Enterococci were the main pathogens causing the urinary tract infections ;the S .aureus was the major species of pathogen causing the upper respiratory tract infections ;the S .haemolyticus was the predominant species of pathogen causing the gastrointes‐tinal tract in
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第22期5664-5666,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
中华医院感染控制基金资助项目(ZHYY12-024)
关键词
儿科病房
医院感染
护理
Pediatric ward
Nosocomial infection
Nursing
