摘要
目的：分析重症监护室（ICU）内痰培养致病菌分布情况及对药物的敏感性，指导 ICU 内抗菌药物的合理应用。方法回顾性分析我院 ICU 2010年1月～2013年12月1167例痰标本培养分离出的病原菌及药物敏感性结果。结果共分离病原菌592株，阳性率50.73％。革兰阴性菌401株，占67.74％，革兰阳性菌152株，占25.68％，真菌39株，占6.58％；初次痰培养阳性分离率21.18％，3d 后阳性分离率89.71％，治疗后阳性分离率42.20％，三者之间有明显差异。肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌为最常见的多重耐药菌，耐药菌有逐年增加的趋势。结论革兰阴性杆菌是 ICU 内肺部感染的主要致病菌，鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌是最常见的致病菌，且多重耐药现象较严重。在 ICU 住院时间越长感染率越高。预防交叉感染、及时监测病原菌变化及耐药趋势对临床治疗至关重要。
Objective To analysis the distribution and drug sensitivity of the pathogens in sputum culture in intensive care unit（ICU） for guiding the reasonable application of antibacterial drugs. Methods The pathogenic bacteria and drug sensitivity results of 1167 sputum specimens in January 2010 to December 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. Results There were 592 strains of pathogenic bacteria,the positive rate was 50.73%.401 strains of gram negative bacteria,accounted for 67.74%,gram positive bacteria were 152 strains,accounting for 25.68%,39 strains of fungi,accounting for 6.58%;the positive isolation rate was 21.18% In first sputum culture,89.71% after 3 days and 42.20% after treatment.There was significant difference between the three time.Klebsiella pneumoniae,Bauman Acinetobacter,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus were the most common multi drug resistant bacteria,antibiotic resistant bacteria has increased year by year. Conclusion Gram negative bacilli were the main pathogens of pulmonary infection in ICU,Bauman Acinetobacter,Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the most common pathogenic bacteria,and the multi- resistant phenomenon is serious.The longer time in ICU,the higher infection rate,The prevention of cross infection,timely monitoring the changes of pathogens and drug resistance trend is essential to guide clinical administration.
出处
《中国医药科学》
2014年第21期126-128,共3页
China Medicine And Pharmacy
关键词
ICU
培养
耐药性
ICU
Sputum culture
Drug resistance
