摘要
[目的]探讨饵料中添加不同水平沼泽红假单胞菌对罗非鱼养殖的影响,为罗非鱼的规模化、高密度健康养殖提供科学依据.[方法]以沼泽红假单胞菌（有效活菌数≥5＆#215;109个/mL）为饵料添加剂,分别按3％、5％和7％的比例添加于饵料中投喂罗非鱼;试验期为160 d,分6次检测养殖池水质,试验结束起捕计算罗非鱼的单位产量、均末重、成活率及饵料系数等指标并进行研究与评估.[结果]与对照组比,添加沼泽红假单胞菌试验组能有效稳定水体pH,抑制水体氨氮、亚硝酸盐和化学需氧量（COD）等有毒物质的产生（P＜0.05,下同）;各试验组中罗非鱼的单位产量、均末重、成活率明显高于对照组,饵料系数显著低于空白对照组,其中单位产量提高15.52％～34.67％、均末重提高9.10％～18.18％、成活率提高5.87％～13.97％,饵料系数降低9.42％～21.52％.综合比较来看,以添加5％沼泽红假单胞菌综合效果最佳,所产生的单位产量最高.[结论]罗非鱼饵料中添加适量沼泽红假单胞菌,可减少养殖中后期有害物质的积累从而改善水质,促进罗非鱼生长、提高成活率、降低饵料系数和提高经济效益,而过量添加则会影响食欲,抑制生长.最适添加量约为5％,可在罗非鱼养殖区域大面积示范推广应用.
[Objective]The experiment was conducted to study the effect of different amount of Rhodopseudomonas palustris feed additive on tilapia breeding, in order to provide references for mass-scale, high-density and healthy cultivation of tilapia. [ Method ] Tilapia was fed with Rhodopseudomonas palustds （ ≥ 5×10^9 living bacteria/mL） additive at the rate of 3%,5% and 7%,respectively for 160 days. Water quality of the culture pond was tested for six times. In the end, yield per unit, mean average weight, survival rate and feed coefficient of tilapia were studied and evaluated. [ Result ] Compared with the control, mean concentration of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and COD were lower in other treatments P〈0.05, the same as below）. Yield per unit, mean average weight, survival rate of tilapia in other treatments were obviously higher than those of the control, while feed coefficient was higher in the control. Yield per unit, mean average weight, survival rate of tilapia increased by 15.52%-34.67%, 9.10%-18.18% . and 5.87%- 13.97%, respectively. However, feed coefficient descended by 9.42%-21.52%. Compared comprehensively, the treatment of 5% Rhodopseudomonas palustris additive showed the best effect with the highest unit yield. [Conclusion ] With proper amount of Rhodopseudomonas palustris additive, there was less hazardous substance, better water quality, stronger immunity, higher survival rate, lower feed coefficient and more economic returns. However, the growth of tilapia would be inhibited by worse appetite when the amount was over 5%. Therefore, the optimal amount of 5% Rhodopseudomonas palustris additive should be demonstrated and extended in large area in the tilapia-cuhured region.
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第9期1694-1697,共4页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
广西水产畜牧兽医局专项(桂渔牧财(2013)35号)
桂渔牧财(2013)35号
关键词
罗非鱼
沼泽红假单胞菌
养殖效果
水质
最适添加量
tilapia
Rhodopseudomonas palustris
breeding effect
water quality
optimal additive amount
