摘要
以野牡丹(Melastoma candidum)花粉为材料,利用扫描电镜观察其形态结构,筛选花粉活力测定的最佳方法,探讨光照及不同贮藏条件对花粉萌发的影响。结果表明:野牡丹异型雄蕊花粉的形态无显著差异,花粉粒赤道观为长椭圆形,极面观为三裂圆形,极轴P为33.04(±1.37)μm,赤道轴E为15.05(±0.88)μm;与TTC染色法相比,离体培养基法测定花粉生活力更可靠;紫红色雄蕊和黄色雄蕊上的花粉生活力无显著差异,但二者萌发最适培养基存在差异,适合紫红色雄蕊的最佳萌发培养基为蔗糖50 mg/L+硼酸5 mg/L+CaCl25 mg/L,适合黄色雄蕊的培养基为蔗糖50 mg/L+硼酸10 mg/L+CaCl220 mg/L;光照对花粉萌发无显著影响;不同低温条件贮藏过程中花粉均出现短暂休眠现象,贮藏温度以-7℃和-23℃优于-4℃,贮藏60 d时仍保持较高花粉活力。
The pollens of Melastoma candidum were taken as materials, whose morphology structure was observed under SEM. The best method for the determination of pollen viability was selected, and then the effects of light and storage condition on pollen viability were investigated as well. The results showed that the morphology of pollens from dimorphism stamens appeared no significant difference. They were elliptic from equatorial view and subtrilete spheroidal from polar view. The average polar was 33.04（±1.37）μm, equatorial axis of the pollen was 15.05（±0.88） μm. In vitro culture method was more reliable than TTC staining in determining the pollen viability of M. candidum. The viability of pollens from purple stamens and yellow ones showed no difference. The best culture medium for the germination of the former was sucrose 50 mg/L ＋ boric acid 5 mg/L ＋ CaC12 5 mg/L, while the latter one was sucrose 50 mg/L ＋ boric acid 10 mg/L ＋ CaCl2 20 mg/L. Furthermore, the light showed no significant effect on pollen germination. Short-term dormancy appeared in all the three different low temperature storage. Stored at -7℃ and -23℃ were better than -4℃, whose viability remained at higher rates after stored for 60 days.
出处
《广东农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第17期42-46,共5页
Guangdong Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家林业局林业公益性行业科学基金(201204604)
关键词
野牡丹
花粉
形态
生活力
萌发
贮藏
Melastoma candidum
pollen
morphology
viability
germination
storage
