摘要
20世纪70年代,在以人的需求为特征的身体哲学思潮影响下,莱博维奇指出《资本论》具有缺失雇佣劳动的片面性。由于对资本循环和劳动者(资本作用的对象)认识的不全面,导致对资本认识的欠缺;由于把必要需要看作固定不变的因素,导致对资本整体性考察的缺陷;此外,对马克思的片面认识导致对马克思主义的片面理解。由此他认为,人类需要是生产关系变革的决定性因素,工人的需要优先于生产力,应当用工人需要首要性理论取代生产力首要性理论,把工人需要满足的状况视为判定资本主义劳资关系一致性的标准和资本主义生产关系动态发展状况的依据,把阶级斗争视为实现工人首要性地位过程中的决定性因素,然而他对《资本论》的片面性解读不完全符合马克思的本意,其超越《资本论》的逻辑存在瑕疵。
Under the influence of the philosophy of the body featuring human body needs in the 1970s, Lebowitz pointed that ＂ On Capital＂ has an one-sidedness which missed hired labor. Incomplete understanding of the worker and capital cycle results in a lack of understanding on the capital; treating the value of labor power as the invariant factor has led to the deficiency of overall study on capital; one-sided understanding of Marx caused one-sided understanding of Marxism. Thus, he considers that the human needs are a decisive factor in the relations of production change and the priority should be given to the workers＇ need rather than the productivity. Therefore, the workers＇ need primacy theory should replace the productivity primacy theory, and the condition that workers need to satisfy becomes the standard for consistency of the labor and capital relation of capitalism and basis of dynamic development of capitalist productivity. Besides, the class struggle should also be regarded as the decisive factor in the process that achieves the primacy status. However, due to the one-sidedness, he does not fully comply with Marx＇s original interpretation of ＂On Capital＂, and his logic which tries to surpass the ＂Das Kapital＂ is defective.
出处
《北京城市学院学报》
2014年第4期59-64,共6页
Journal of Beijing City University
关键词
身体哲学
“片面性”
缺失雇佣劳动
工人需要首要性
the Philosophy of the Body
one-sidedness
missing hired labor
workers＇ need primacy
