摘要
于2010年和2011年通过10个大田试验,研究了湖北省6种主要种植制度下农田生态系统中钾(K)的输入、输出数量特征和平衡状况。结果表明:6种主要种植制度每年通过施肥、降雨、灌溉和秸秆还田输入农田K量分别为129.8、10.3、14.9和30.1 kg·hm-2,分别占K输入总量66.2%、6.2%、8.8%和18.8%,表明除了施肥外,降雨、灌溉和秸秆还田对K输入也起了重要的作用;通过作物收获和地表径流从农田输出的K量分别为211.2和26.4 kg·hm-2,分别占K输出总量的88.5%和11.5%,其中,通过秸秆输出的K量达到了186.3 kg·hm-2,占作物带走量的89.1%,但秸秆归还的K量只占可以还田的16.2%,这表明农田生态系统中的K大部分被秸秆带走,秸秆还田的潜力巨大;湖北省主要种植制度农田生态系统K整体呈亏缺状态,6种种植制度年平均亏缺量为-52.4 kg·hm-2。因此,增加K肥施用量,重视降雨和灌溉K养分的输入,推进秸秆还田,是改善全省农田生态系统K平衡的有效措施。
During 2010-2011, 10 field trials were conducted with 6 main cropping systems to study the potassium input, output and balance in Hubei Province. The results showed that the annual average rates of K input to the agroecosystems by fertilization, rainfall, irrigation and straw return were 129.8, 10.3, 14.9 and 30.1 kg· hm-2, fall, irrigation and straw return played an important role in respectively. It indicated that rainsoil K input. Potassium outputs from soils by harvest and runoff were 211.2 and 26.4 kg · hm-2, accounting for 88.5% and 11.5% of total K output, respectively. The rate of K removed by straw was 186.3 kg · hm-2, accounting for 89.1% of total harvest. However, only 16.2% of that was returned to the field. This suggested that a large proportion of K was carried off by straw from the agroecosystems. In other words, the potential of input K by straw return to field is huge. Soil K is deficit in the main cropping systems in Hubei with an average agroecosystems of Hubei, it is through rainfall and irrigation, of-52.4 kg · hm-2. Therefore, to improve the K balance in the agroecosystems of Hubei, it is practical to increase K fertilization, through promoting the K input through rainfall and irrigation, and the return of straw to the field.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第9期2395-2401,共7页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203013-04)
农业部污染源普查专项(WX-Z-07-11)资助
关键词
输入参数
输出参数
钾平衡
主要种植制度
input parameters
output parameters
potassium balance
main cropping systems.
