摘要
采用田间试验研究方法,设0,210,300kg/hm2共3个施氮水平7个处理,对比分析2种控释尿素对小麦各生育期耕层土壤氮素、小麦抽穗期1m深土体中各土层土壤氮素的调控效应及对小麦产量构成的影响。结果表明:(1)硫膜和树脂膜控释尿素在小麦生产过程中均能有效调控并保持小麦整个生育期,尤其是生育关键期(拔节期和孕穗期)耕层土壤氮素(全氮、无机氮)的数量形态和有效性,减少土壤氮素在土体剖面中的迁移淋失,满足小麦高产及其不同生育期对不同氮素的需求;树脂膜控释尿素效果优于硫膜控释尿素,能够达到"前氮后移"及"一次施肥保全期"的施用效果;(2)硫膜和树脂膜控释尿素均能提高小麦产量及其构成,树脂膜控释尿素比硫膜控释尿素和普通尿素分别提高11.93%和25.32%;(3)硫膜和树脂膜控释尿素在调控耕层土壤无机氮(硝态氮和铵态氮)形态上分别在小麦生育前期和后期表现最佳,建议在小麦实际生产中基施树脂膜控释尿素,或者硫膜和树脂膜控释尿素配合施用,或施用硫加树脂膜控释尿素,以提高小麦增产潜力、氮肥农学效率与氮肥偏生产力。
To study the influence of controlled release urea coated by sulfur and polymer on nitrogen utiliza- tion and wheat yield, the field experiment research method was adopted. The experiment set 0, 210, 300 kg/hm2 three nitrogen fertilizer levels and seven treatments. The author comparatively analyzed the regulato- ry effect of controlled release urea coated by sulfur and polymer on soil nitrogen content in topsoil of the whole growth stages and within 1 meter soil depth of wheat heading stage as well as the yield components. The results proved that： （1）During the wheat production process, both controlled release urea coated by sul fur and polymer could effectively control and keep the amount, form and availability of the arable layer soil nitrogen （total nitrogen, mineral nitrogen） in the whole wheat growth stages, especially in the key stages （jointing stage and booting stage）, and reduce the nitrogen＇s migrating and leaching in the soil profile, and satisfy the demand for different nitrogen forms in different growth stages. The controlled release urea coated by polymer＇s performance was better than that of controlled release urea coated by sulfur, and reached to the application effects of ＂nitrogen backward＂ and ＂one time nitrogen corporation working the whole periods＂. （2） Both controlled release urea coated by sulfur and polymer improved wheat yield and its components, while controlled release urea coated by polymer increased wheat yield by 11.93% and 25.32% respectively com- pared with controlled release urea coated by sulfur and common urea. （3）On regulating the arable layer soil inorganic nitrogen （nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen）, controlled release urea coated by sulfur and polymer behaved best during the wheat former growth and during the wheat later growth period separately.In the process of production, in order to improve the wheat yield potential, nitrogen agronomy efficiency and nitrogen partial productivity, we suggested that it could apply controlled relea
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第4期122-127,共6页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2011BAD11B01
2011BAD11B02)
国家"948"项目(2011-G30)
关键词
硫膜控释尿素
树脂膜控释尿素
土壤氮素
小麦产量
调控
controlled release urea coated by sulfur
controlled release urea coated by polymer
soil nitrogen
yield of wheat
influence
