摘要
MRI所面临的一个主要问题是如何提高信号对比度,进而区分病灶与正常的组织和器官,从而达到医学诊断的目的,为了解决这个问题往往就要用到可以加快水质子弛豫的试剂。一般常用的MRI弛豫增强试剂都是含钆类的化合物,因为钆具有很强的顺磁弛豫增强能力。但是钆类对比剂有可能引起肾源性系统性纤维化,因此钆类对比剂的使用也具有一定的局限性。锰也是一种顺磁性金属,其毒性非常低,是生物体内一种必须的元素,二价的锰有5个未成对电子,也具有较强的弛豫增强效果;另外锰对比剂的存在形式比较多样化,比如锰盐、小分子有机螯合物、大分子螯合物、氧化物纳米粒子等,并且锰对比剂毒性相对较低,因此在使用时可以较大剂量的使用。正因如此,锰的对比剂在MRI中也占有一定的地位。该文综述了锰对比剂在MRI中的一些应用,以及其最近的相关研究进展,最后对未来锰对比剂的发展方向做出展望。
It is always a challenge to keep improving the contrast of MRI （magnetic resonance imaging） for different tissues and organs in order to detect diseases. Contrast agents, which can enhance the relaxation of protons in water, are usually used to overcome such issue. Gadolinium-based complexes are the most predominantly used contrast agents owing to its good enhancement effect on the relaxation time, but they may be caused a serious disease called nephrogenic systemic ifbrosis （NSF）, so they have a limited use in vivo. Manganese is a non-lanthanide paramagnetic metal, and possess a good enhancement effect on the relaxation due to ifve unpaired electrons of bivalent manganese. Manganese-based contrast agents include manganese salts, small organic chelates, macromolecule chelates, oxide nanopaticles and so on. Manganese has also play essential roles in cell biology and very low toxic in vivo, which enables the usage with a large dose in MRI. This paper reviews the recent applications and comments the future outlook of manganese-based contrast agents for MRI.
出处
《磁共振成像》
CAS
CSCD
2014年第4期315-320,共6页
Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging
基金
国家自然科学基金(编号:81227902
21302217)
中国科学院"百人计划"和重要方向性项目(编号:KJCX2-EW-N06-04)
关键词
磁共振成像
造影剂
锰化合物
Magnetic resonance imaging
Contrast media
Manganese compounds
