摘要
目的比较2009-2012年医院感染现患率及抗菌药物使用情况,为医院感染的预防控制及抗菌药物合理应用提供科学依据。方法采用横断面调查的方法,对2009-2012年10月某日0∶00-24∶00所有住院患者进行调查,对现患率及抗菌药物使用进行分析。结果 2009-2012年医院感染现患率分别为5.50%、6.18%、3.62%和3.98%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.025,P=0.012);连续4年医院感染率均以ICU最高,感染部位以下呼吸道为主;抗菌药物使用率分别为42.60%、46.57%、33.17%和30.93%,治疗性抗菌药物使用率分别为46.15%、43.19%、61.20%和59.94%,统计分析差异有统计学意义(χ2=50.120,P<0.01),联合用药构成比差异无统计学意义;治疗用药患者标本送检率分别为33.18%、59.25%、57.77%和58.11%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=43.003,P<0.01)。结论医院感染现患率调查能够及时发现问题,可以有针对性的开展目标性监测,进一步规范抗菌药物的合理应用,有效降低医院感染发生率。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence rates of nosocomial infections and the use of antibiotics from 2009 to 2012 so as to provide scientific bases for control of nosocomial infections and reasonable use of antibiotics. METHODS By means of cross sectional survey, all the patients who were hospitalized from 0 ： 00 to 24 ： 00 on one day of Oct in 2009-2012 were investigated, then the prevalence rates of nosocomial infections and the use of antibiotics were analyzed. RESULTS The prevalence rate of nosocomial infections was 5. 50% in 2009, 6. 18% in 2010, 3.62% in 2011, 3.98% in 2012, and the differences were significant （X2 =11. 025,P=0. 012）. In the four consecutive years, the incidence of nosocomial＇infections was the highest in the ICU, and the lower respiratory tract was the predominant infection site. The utilization rate of antibiotics was 42.60% in 2009, 46.57% in 2010, 33.17% in 2011, 30.93% in 2012% the utilization rate of therapeutic antibiotics was 46.15% in 2009, 43.19% in 2010, 61.20% in 2011, 59.94% in 2012, and there were significant differences（χ2 = 50. 120,P〈0.01）; there was no significant difference in the constituent ratio of combination medication. For the patients who used the therapeutic antibiotics, the submission rate of specimens was 33. 18% in 2009, 59.25% in 2010, 57. 77% in 2011, 58.11% in 2012, and there was statistically difference （χ2 =43. 003,P〈0.01）. CONCLUSION It is ＇an effective way to conduct targeted surveillance and further standardize the use of antibiotics so as to effectively reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第15期3712-3714,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
青岛市公共领域科技支撑计划基金项目(2013-1-3-8-nsh)
关键词
医院感染
现患率
抗菌药物
合理应用
调查
Nosocomial infection
Prevalence rate
Antibiotic
Reasonable use
Investigation
