摘要
采用1991—2010年中国大陆30个省(市、区)的面板数据,根据基尼系数的基本原理从农机装备的总量、结构和效益三方面对农机装备水平的区域不平衡性进行综合测算。结果显示:1991—2010年农机装备水平综合基尼系数呈现波动之中下降的趋势;农机装备总量和农机效益的基尼系数呈现倒"U"型的变化趋势;而反映农机装备结构不平衡的大中型拖拉机—配套农机具基尼系数呈现"U"型的变化趋势,小型拖拉机—配套农机具基尼系数则呈现下降趋势;经济发展水平、农机研发和推广政策、自然地理条件、种植制度、土地经营规模是影响农机装备水平地区差距的主要因素。因此,应根据不同区域的经济条件、自然禀赋、耕作制度,采取相应的技术路线和政策措施,推进不同地区农业机械化协调发展,在主攻粮食生产机械化的同时还应协调发展非粮食主产区的高效特色农业机械化,增强南方稻区和山地丘陵地区农业机械的研发力度和普及力度。
It was vitally significant for establishment of policies to agricultural mechanization to grasp law of regional differences of the agricultural machinery equipment level and find out the main influence factors. In this paper, it was used that panel data from 30 provinces （cities, districts） of China mainland during the 1991-2010, according to the Lorenz curve and the principle of Gini coefficient, it was comprehensively measured the imbalance of agricultural machinery equipment level from three aspects of total amount of agricultural machinery equipments, structure and benefits, the results were shown as follows： During 1991-2010, comprehensive Gini coefficient of China agricultural machinery equipment level showed the trend of decline in fluctuation. The Gini coefficient of total agricultural equipment and agricultural benefits showed an inverted ＂U＂ type; the Gini coefficient of large and medium- sized tractorsupporting agricultural machinery which reflected the equipment structure imbalance of agricultural machinery showed a trend of ＂U＂ type; the Gini coefficient of small tractors - supporting agricultural machinery showed a downward trend. They were the main factors of influence on regional disparity of agricultural machinery equipment level that economic development level, agricultural machinery development and promotion policy, natural and geographical conditions, planting system. Therefore, according to the different regional economic conditions, natural endowments, fanning systems, it should take the appropriate technical route and policy measures to promote the coordinated development of agricultural mechanization in different regions. Not only should main research of grain production mechanization, but also should coordinate the development of efficient characteristic agricultural mechanization in non major grain producing areas, enhance the agricultural machinery＇s research and development efforts and popularize efforts in Southern China＇s rice planting area and in hilly region.
出处
《经济地理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第7期116-122,共7页
Economic Geography
基金
国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BADE4C10)
国家自然科学基金项目(31201128)
中央高校基本科研业务费项目(QN2009042)
西安市科技计划资助项目(NC1214(1))
关键词
农机装备水平
不平衡
基尼系数
中国
agricultural machinery equipment level
imbalance
Gini coefficient
China
