摘要
气候、土壤等环境因子直接关系到植物的生存,进而成为影响屋顶绿化成败的关键。该文在国家气象中心提供的成都市1981-2010年地面及高空气象数据的基础上,运用统计、文献分析和定量计算等方法,对成都市屋顶绿化光照、风、水分、温度、土壤五大非生物环境进行定量研究。结果表明：从地面到400m高处月平均风速变化在0.9-3.1m/s之间,仍属于微风范围;由于城市热岛和逆温现象并存,温度垂直变化复杂,470m高度月平均极端温度为-4.4-37.2℃,与地面相比变化不大;累年年平均日照时数1 003h,累年月平均日照百分率21.9%,日照时数少且日照百分率较低;累年年平均降水总量850.9mm,降水充沛;绿化介质主要为天然菜园土和改良土壤,且土层厚度低于设计推荐值,但植物的实际生长状况未见异常。由此可见,成都市屋顶绿化植物生存环境条件优越,适宜大面积推广。
The environmental factors including the climate and soil have a great influence on the existence of plants and thus become the key point to the roof greening.Based on the annual meteorological data of ground and upper air during1981-2010in Chengdu area,this paper applied the literature analysis and quantitative calculation to quantitatively study the abiotic environment of roof greening including the sun light,wind speed,rainfall,temperature and soil in Chengdu.The results showed that in the altitude between the ground and 400mhigh,the wind was often at the speed of 0.9－3.1m/s,belonging to the breeze;as the phenomena of urban heat island and temperature inversion co-exist,the vertical variations of the temperature were complicated,with the monthly average extreme temperature of the altitude of 470mchanging in the range of-4.4－37.2℃ while that of the ground changing little;the yearly average accumulated sunshine duration was 1 003hand the monthly average percentage of sunshine for years in succession was 21.9%,so the sunshine duration was short and the percentage of sunshine low;the yearly average total precipitation was 850.9mm,so the precipitation was abundant;the green medium was often the natural garden soil or improved soil and the soil thickness was lower than the recommended in the design,but the plants appear to grow well.So the environment conditions of roof suitable for planting in Chengdu.
出处
《北方园艺》
CAS
北大核心
2014年第14期73-78,共6页
Northern Horticulture
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51108381)
中央高校基本科研业务专项基金资助项目(2682014CX111)
关键词
屋顶绿化
气象因子
土壤因子
定量分析
成都
roof greening
climate factor
soil factor
quantitative analysis
Chengdu
