摘要
为了解宁夏黄土丘陵区不同生境地表甲虫群落多样性变化规律及与环境因子的关系,并探讨不同生态恢复措施对维持地表甲虫群落多样性的影响,2013年7–8月,作者利用陷阱法调查了该区6种生境内的地表甲虫群落多样性。结果表明:灌草混交林地、乔灌混交林地、生态薪炭林地中地表甲虫物种丰富度和个体数量均较高,天然封育草地、生态经济林地和水平农田中物种丰富度较低,生态经济林地和水平农田中甲虫个体数量显著高于天然封育草地。不同生境间,灌草混交林地、乔灌混交林地与生态薪炭林地之间、生态经济林地与水平农田之间甲虫群落组成相似性较高。多元回归分析表明,草本层生物量、灌木层盖度及土壤含水量是影响甲虫物种丰富度的决定因素,林冠层盖度和枯落物厚度是决定地表甲虫个体数量的重要因素。CCA分析表明,枯落物盖度、枯落物厚度、林冠层盖度及草本层盖度是影响地表甲虫群落组成的重要环境因子。研究表明,灌草混交林地为地表甲虫群落多样性维持较好的生境类型,是宁夏黄土丘陵区典型生态恢复的最优模式。
The aim of this study was to probe into changes in diversity of ground-dwelling beetles （Coleoptera） and their relation to environmental variables within restored habitats in the hill and gully area of Loess Plateau, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China. An investigation of ground-dwelling beetle communities was carried out using pitfall traps in six habitats including shrub/grassland, tree/shrub mix, fuel-wood forest, naturally restored grassland, plantation forest, and level terraced field in July and August, 2013. We found that species richness and abundance of individual ground-dwelling beetles was higher （P〈0.05） in the shrub/grassland, tree/shrub mix, and fuel-wood forest compared to the other three stands. Species richness of ground-dwelling beetles was markedly lower （P〈0.05） in naturally restored grassland, plantation forest and level terraced field, whereas the abundance of individual ground-dwelling beetles were higher in plantation forest and level terraced field than in naturally restored grassland. Jaccard indices revealed a high level of similarity amongst shrub/grassland, tree/shrub mix, and fuel-wood forest stands, and then between plantation forest stands and level terraced fields. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that herbaceous biomass, cover of shrub species and soil water content were the key factors affecting species richness of ground-dwelling beetles, while it was canopy cover and leaf litter depth that most affected total abundance. Canonical correspondence analysis （CCA） showed that the cover and depth of leaf litter, cover of canopy and herbaceous layers were important determinants of species abundance and composition of beetle communities.In conclusion, conversion to shrub/grasslands may be one option for raising ground-dwelling beetle diversity in the hill and gully area of Loess Plateau, Ningxia.
出处
《生物多样性》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第4期516-524,共9页
Biodiversity Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(41161081)
教育部高校学校博士学科点科研专项基金(20126401110003)
关键词
灌草混交林地
地表甲虫
生态恢复
物种多样性
典范对应分析
shrub/grassland, ground-dwelling beetles, ecological restoration, species diversity, canonicalcorrespondence analysis （CCA）
