摘要
本文就云南、四川两省采用尖叶木樨榄(Olea ferrugineaRoyle.)作砧木嫁接油橄榄(Olea europaea L.)二十余年的试验观察,报道尖叶木樨榄在我国的分布及其生物学特性,系统总结尖叶木樨榄作砧木对油橄榄生长发育及开花结实的影响。试验结果表明:尖叶木樨榄作砧木具有种子出苗率高,嫁接繁殖容易,提早油橄榄开花结实年龄,增强油橄榄对酸性红壤的适应性,增强油橄榄对干旱环境和对某些病害的抗性等优点。此砧木已在我国西南部油橄榄适生区应用于生产性栽培。
On account of the edaphic and climatic differences between China and the Mediterranean regions, it has been considered in some scientific research units of Yunnan and Sichuan that local trees ought to be chosen as rootstocks to graft olive to promote its acclimatization in the area. Thus, some local trees (including five species of Olea, four species of the other genera of Oleaceae) have been vised as roo -tstocks for olive since 1965, from which one species Olea ferruginea Koylc. (O. cuspidaia Wall.) was successfully chosen out as better rootstocks for grafting of olive in the southwest of China. Now it has been applied in the productive cultivation. In the present paper, some results concerning the study are reported.
1. In China, the species Olea ferruginea is distributed in the subtropical regions of Yunnan, Sichuan and Xizang (Tibet), growing mainly in the dry river valley regions of Jingsajiang river, Lanchangjiang river and Yuanjing river etc.
2. All the grafting methods applied in the grafting of fruit trees are available for grafting Olea ferruginea. The square budding grafting and under-bark grafting used usually in the early spring are over 90% successful.
3. In Sichuan and Guangxi, the grafted olive trees on the rootstocks of Olea ferruginea have shown conspicuous resistance to Pseudomonas solanaceariun E. F. Furthermore, the investigation results from every regions show that the grafted olive trees on the rootstocks of Olea ferruginea are of better suitability to the weighty, clayer acidic soil.
4. The use of Olea ferruginea as the rootstocks to graft olive is able to make olive begin- to bloom and bear fruit 1 to 2 years more early the usualy trees, and a good early harvest can be obtained. In Xichang city of Sichuan and Bingchuan county, Youngsheng county of Yunnan, an obvious increase in olive yield has been achieved.
出处
《云南植物研究》
CSCD
1991年第1期65-74,共10页
Acta Botanica Yunnanica
关键词
尖叶木樨榄
油橄榄
嫁接
Olea ferruginea
Olive, Grafting
Olive grafted on the rootstocks of Olea ferruginea
