摘要
目的 分析湖南省近50年来人间狂犬病流行趋势、发病特征,做好狂犬病预防工作,降低发病率。方法收集法定疫情报告数据和对相关个案调查资料进行统计分析。结果①流行趋势:1951～1965年发病率较低,1966～1980年呈波浪上升趋势,1981～1996年间呈持续下降势头;1993年后发病率降至 0.10/10万以下较低水平。②流行地区:50年中全省各个县（市）区都曾报告过狂犬病病倒,最少年份有2个,最多年份有101个县（市）区。③流行季节:以7～10月为多,1～2月较少。④流行人群:5～10岁组男性和农民为多。⑤发病因素:重度受伤（Ⅲ类伤）者发病危险性最大;未接种与已全程接种狂犬病疫苗的病例分别占82.34％和4.84％。结论 自二十世纪80年代以后,人间狂犬病发病率逐步下降到较低水平,近几年又有回升势头。各级政府要继续做好组织工作,卫生、畜牧等部门进一步密切合作,采取综合防制措施,使人间狂犬病发病率进一步下降。
ve Analyze the epidemic tendency and feature so as to do a better prevention against rabies and to reduce the incidence rate. Methods Collect data from legal epidemic report and make statistical analysis to relative data of some individual cases. Results ① Epidemic Tendency: During the period of 1951 to 1965,the annual incidence rate was relatively low. From 1966 to 1980,the number increased wave upon wave. From 1981 to 1996,the number declined successively. After 1993,the incidence rate reduced to a comparatively low level of 0.10/100,000. ②Epidemic Area:During the past 50 years,every county (city) or district of the whole province had the report of rabies cases. The least incidence was reported in 2 counties in one year, and during the most prevalent year, rabies cases occurred in 101 counties (cities) or districts.③ Epidemic Seasons: Mostly in July to October,occasionally in January and February.④Epidemic Population:Most victims are peasants or males aged 5 to 10.⑤Factors of incidence:Those severely injured( III degrees of the wound) are most likely to be infected. a-mong which 82.34% didn't receive the inoculation. Conclusion Since 1980' s, the incidence rate of human rabies has been gradually reduced to a comparatively low level in the whole province. Government at each level should continue their effort on organization work, health and animal husbandry departments should have a closer cooperation and work out a series of integrated prevention and control measures so as to further reduce the incidence rate of human rabies in Hunan province. Those not vaccinated and fully vaccinated accounted for 82.34% and 4.84%.
出处
《中国热带医学》
CAS
2002年第1期94-96,共3页
China Tropical Medicine
