摘要
传统设计是指传统部族或者传统社区在历史上对有关传统产品的图案、外形、结构或者通过其结合做出的、代代相传、反映其传统科学意识、审美意识和文化内涵的设计。我国少数民族具有丰富的传统设计,并遭致普遍盗用或者不正当利用。著作权法是我国少数民族传统设计知识产权保护的重要制度选项,但要求其满足客体、主体、独创性、实用性和艺术性等条件。我国少数民族传统设计很难满足上述条件,故需要对其进行一定的修改和调适,如把实用艺术作品直接纳入保护范围、对实用艺术作品的制作方式不做限制、对物理上可分离的实用艺术作品也予以保护、把传承或者保有有关传统设计的以最近传承人为核心的少数民族村寨或者社区或者国家界定为权利主体、把传统设计视为由包括具体传承人在内的我国有关少数民族村寨或者社区创作完成、直接确认我国少数民族传统设计满足实用性和艺术性的要求等。
Traditional designs refer to some designs about the pattern, shape and structure of traditional products and their combinations which are made by traditional tribes or traditional communities, and passed down generation to generation and embodied the traditional, aesthetic awareness and cultural significance. Ethnic Minorities of China have owned rich and colorful traditional designs, but are stolen or misappropriated or misused. Copyright law is an important system option which protect the intellectual property right of traditional designs, but it should meet the standards about object, subject, originality,utility and artistry. Traditional designs of Ethnic Minorities of China fail to meet the requirement and the latter is ought to be adapted, such as, inserting the applied art works into the scope of works by protected by copyright law, not restricting the making mode of the applied art works, protecting the physically separable applied art works for protection, designating the ethnic villages, communities and states centered by recent heir which have inherited or retained the traditional designs as holders of rights, and considering the traditional designs was finished by the ethnic villages, communities including concrete inheritor, accepting directly traditional designs to met with the practicality and artistry and so on.
作者
严永和
王晓
YAN Yong-he;Wang Xiao(School of Law,South-Central University for Nationalities,Wuhan,Hubei 410073,China)
出处
《贵州民族研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第12期34-41,共8页
Guizhou Ethnic Studies
基金
国家社科基金重大项目"南方少数民族手工艺资源体系与基因要素图谱研究"(项目编号:17ZDA166)的阶段性成果
关键词
实用艺术作品
传统设计
著作权
制度创新
works of applied art
traditional designs
Copyright Law
institutional innovation
