摘要
以贵州T县与河南C县的精准扶贫政策实践为例,研究发现精准扶贫基层实践中,因责任推卸、僵化服从和模糊治理等科层制体制惰性,导致了政策"变通"、政策"悬浮"和"边缘人"谋利等问题,自下而上倒逼着地方政府进行扶贫体制机制的改革。地方政府出于政治压力与社会压力,通过运动式治理的方式,整合体制力量与社会力量,再造了精准扶贫的组织结构和识别流程等,有效地在反倒逼中实现了扶贫体制机制创新和扶贫政策的纠偏。精准扶贫由"非精准化"向"精准化"的变迁过程,根本上反映了转型期国家治理中存在自上而下体制认证的不足和自下而上社会认证的缺陷,需要整合体制与社会力量,建立体制——社会交叉认证模式,以提升国家认证能力,实现精准扶贫的精准化。国家认证能力是国家基础能力的基础,体制与社会力量在国家认证能力建设中的良性互动,有助于从国家与社会合作互利的视角探索现代国家能力建设的实践路径。
Through the investigation of precision poverty alleviation in T county of Guizhou and C county of Henan,the study found that in the grass roots practice of the accurate poverty alleviation policy,due to the inertia of the bureaucracy system such as shirking responsibility,rigid obedience and fuzzy governance,the grass roots policy"flexibility",policy"suspension"and"marginal people"profit problems forced the local government to carry out the reform of the poverty alleviation system mechanism.Out of political pressure and social pressure,the local government has integrated the institutional strength and social strength by means of movement governance,recreated the organizational structure and identification process of accurate poverty alleviation,and effectively realized the innovation of poverty alleviation system and mechanism and the rectification of poverty alleviation policies in the process of anti-reverse pressure.The changing process of precision poverty alleviation from"non precision"to"precision"fundamentally reflects the shortcomings of top down system certification and bottom up social certification in the governance of countries in transition.It is necessary to integrate the system and social forces and establish a system-society cross certification model in order to improve the national certification capacity and realize precision poverty alleviation.National certification capacity is the foundation of national basic capacity.The benign interaction between system and social forces in the construction of national certification capacity is helpful to explore the practical path of modern national capacity building from the perspective of mutual benefit between national and social cooperation.
作者
金江峰
JIN Jiangfeng(Department of Political Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai 201100,China)
出处
《西北农林科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第1期7-14,共8页
Journal of Northwest A&F University(Social Science Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金(16ZZD036)
关键词
精准扶贫
倒逼与反倒逼
国家与社会
体制-社会交叉认证
国家能力
precision poverty alleviation
reverse coercion and resistance of reverse coercion
state and society
system-society cross certification
national capacity
