摘要
超双疏兼备超疏水和超疏油两种极端不润湿现象,其中超疏油的实现难度更大,应用前景广阔。为了获得超疏油材料,通常采用仿生思路,在材料表面构建粗糙结构和以含氟低表面能物质修饰表面。表面粗糙结构在机械力学作用下易遭到破坏,例如摩擦和冲击。低表面能物质修饰层在光照条件下易分解,而诸多的太阳能装置如太阳能电池板,必须在室外工作。耐紫外的超疏油性可以帮助这些设施实现高效工作并延长使用期限,节约资源。更进一步,科研人员研究了超疏油材料在各种苛刻条件下的可靠性。本文应用新进展聚焦在超疏油材料在紫外线照射下的可靠性或可逆响应性;超疏油材料经过撞击之后的油滴接触角变化;在高温条件下超疏油材料的极端润湿性能保持能力;在冲击条件下的稳定性,甚至包括了多种复合苛刻条件下的超疏油材料的耐受性。由于大多的工业环境无法避开摩擦和腐蚀,因此本文着重从超疏油材料的耐摩擦性和抗腐蚀性两个方面讨论了其研究现状,同时也讨论了超疏油在其他工程应用方面的可靠性。最后,总结了各实验方案的优缺点、实验与工业化过程中存在的问题、有望突破的方向,以及作者对于在苛刻工况条件下提升超疏油材料可靠性的观点。
The superamphiphobicity includes extremely nonwetting phenomena of superhydrophobicity and superoleophobicity. Superoleophobicity is relatively harder to realize but has a lot of promising applications. The biomimetic methods are usually adopted to acquire superoleophobic materials, including building up rough structures and modifying materials with low surface energy on surfaces. The rough structures are easy to be destroyed by mechanical effects such as friction and impact, since many situations of using superoleophobic materials involve the gear friction and bearing transmission. The low surface energy materials tend to decompose under UV irradiation, however, a range of solar devices which include solar panels have to work outdoor. Superoleophobicity with UV resistance applied on these devices helps to prolong service life while maintaining the working effiency, which can save energy and fulfill eco-friendly industry. For solving these problems, researchers study reliability of superoleophobic materials under different kinds of harsh circumstances. This review summarizes the latest advances on the reliable performances of superoleophobic material under ultraviolet irradiation;repeated impact, high temperature, and other complicated conditions. Because most of industrial environments accompanied with corrosion and friction, this review sets an emphasis on superoleophobic materials’ anticorrosion and friction resistance properties. In the end, we summarize the drawbacks and advantages of plentiful experiments, the problems of products, the promising breakthrough, and the standpoints about how to improve superoleophobic materials’ performance and stability under the harsh operating conditions.
作者
邵建文
杨付超
郭志光
Jianwen Shao;Fuchao Yang;Zhiguang Guo(Key Laboratory Functional Materials Green Preparation and Application of Ministry of Education,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China;State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication,Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China)
出处
《化学进展》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第12期2003-2011,共9页
Progress in Chemistry
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No.51705138
51735013)资助~~
关键词
超疏油
耐久性
摩擦
腐蚀
苛刻工况
superoleophobicity
durability
friction
corrosion
harsh operating conditions
