摘要
本文主要通过了解海南岛芒果园施肥现状及对应的土壤养分状况,综合分析施肥管理现状,为芒果种植科学施肥提供理论基础。研究结果表明,海南岛芒果主产区肥料投入平均水平为N 334.01 kg/hm^2、P_2O_5 177.10 hm^2、K_2O184.21 hm^2,其中N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O为1∶0.53∶0.55,芒果化肥消耗系数为0.059 01 kg/kg,纯氮消耗系数为0.020 7 kg/kg,施用有机肥农户比例为76.92%,有机肥平均施用量低于333.33 kg/hm^2。海南岛芒果主产区土壤有机质含量偏低,范围为11.16～17.22 g/kg;碱解氮含量偏高,范围为278.86～859.10 mg/kg;速效磷含量差异较大,为21.74～81.73 mg/kg;速效钾含量在96.56～97.19 mg/kg。综上所述,海南岛芒果园氮磷钾肥料投入比例不科学,钾肥投入量偏低,建议增施钾肥;有机肥投入严重不足,建议提高施用有机肥农户比例,增大有机肥施用量。
The objective of this study is to know the current condition of fertilization and soil nutrients status,and to provide a theoretical basis for scientific fertilization in mango planting in Hainan Island.The results indicated that the average fertilizer input in the main mango areas in Hainan Island was N 334.01 kg/hm^2,P2O5 177.10 kg/hm^2,K2O 184.21 kg/hm^2,and N :P2O5 :K2O was 1 :0.53 :0.55.The fertilizer consumption coefficient was 0.059 01 kg/kg and pure nitrogen consumption coefficient was 0.020 7 kg/kg.The proportion of organic fertilizer was 76.92%,and the average organic fertilizer application rate was below 333.33 kg/hm^2.The content of soil organic matter in the main mango areas of Hainan Island was low,ranging from 11.16 g/kg to 17.22 g/kg.The content of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen was high and ranged from 278.86 mg/kg to 859.10 mg/kg.The content of available phosphorus varied greatly,ranged from 21.74 mg/kg to 81.73 mg/kg,and that of available potassium was between 96.56-97.19 mg/kg.The content of soil or- ganic matter was low,and the content of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen was high.It means the application of N,P,K fer- tilizer is not scientific in mango production in Hainan,and more potassium and organic fertilizers should be applied.
作者
何翠翠
冯焕德
魏志远
侯宪文
陈业渊
HE Cuicui;FENG Huande;WEI Zhiyuan;HOU Xianwen;CHEN Yeyuan(Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Danzhou,Hainan 571737,China;Environment and Plant Protection Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101, China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第12期2336-2342,共7页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(No.2017YFD0202101)
海南岛重大科技计划项目(No.ZDKJ2017003)
中央级公益性科研院所基本业务费项目(No.1630032017017
No.1630032016023
No.1630032018017)
关键词
海南岛
芒果
施肥现状
土壤养分状况
Hainan Island
mango
current situation of fertilization
soil nutrients
