摘要
目的通过分析1起学校水痘暴发疫情的特点、发病危险因素及水痘疫情的流行规律,为学校水痘疫情防控提供科学依据。方法 采用现场访问、现场查看、电话访问、传染病报表、因病缺课日志报表等流行病学方法对现有资料进行分析。结果此次暴发疫情共发生水痘病例18例,总体罹患率为1.75%;疫情波及1个年级2个班级,各班罹患人数相等,男女生之间的罹患率差异无统计学意义;寄宿生与走读生罹患率统计学上有显著性差异。此次水痘疫情发生在秋冬季节,通风条件差,学生面临高考升学压力大,身体免疫力低,没有及时发现和隔离病人是发病的主要原因。结论采取有效的防控措施,及时治疗隔离病人,提高易感人群的水痘免疫,加强晨、午检制度及传染病上报制度,加强水痘的健康教育,是学校水痘防控工作中的重点。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of varicella in a school, risk factors, and epidemic law of varicella, so as to provide the evidence for improving the prevention and control of varicella. Methods The existing data were analyzed by using epidemiological methods such as the site visits, site views, telephone interviews, infectious disease reports, and reports of absence from class. Results There were 18 cases of varicella in this outbreak, and the overall incidence rate was 1.75 %. The epidemic affected two classes in one grade, and the number of students in each class was equal. The difference in the incidence rate between boys and girls was not statistically significant. There was a statistically significant difference between boarding students and passing students. The outbreak of varicella occurred in the autumn and winter, and the ventilation conditions were poor. The students faced great pressure to go to college entrance examination and had low body immunity. The failure to detect and isolate the patients in time was the main cause of the disease outbreak. Conclusion Taking effective prevention and control measures, timely treatment and isolation of patients, improving immunity to varicella, strengthening the early morning examination system and infectious disease reporting system, and strengthening the health education of varicella are the key points of prevention and control of varicella in schools.
作者
冯霞
程益良
FENG Xia;CHENG Yi-liang(Huishan Secondary Specialized School,Wuxi 214153,Jiangsu,China)
出处
《中国校医》
2018年第12期895-896,898,共3页
Chinese Journal of School Doctor
关键词
青少年
学生
水痘/流行病学
疾病暴发流行
学校
Adolescent
Students
Varicella/epidemiology
Disease Outbreak Prevalence
School
