摘要
【背景】云南香格里拉高原葡萄酒产区位于云南三江并流世界自然遗产保护区内,微生物资源丰富,其中与葡萄酒酿造相关的野生酵母种类也非常多样。【目的】研究香格里拉葡萄酒产区酿酒相关酵母菌的种类多样性和酿酒酵母的遗传多样性。【方法】从香格里拉金沙江和澜沧江两岸选取5个葡萄园进行成熟葡萄样品的采集,分别对葡萄果皮和自然发酵过程中的酵母菌进行分离,运用WL营养琼脂鉴定培养基(Wallerstein laboratory nutrient agar)和26S rDNA D1/D2区序列分析法对酵母的种类进行鉴定,用SSR分子标记的方法研究酿酒酵母的遗传多样性。【结果】从香格里拉葡萄酒产区成熟浆果上共分离到230株野生酵母,鉴定为13属18种,其中有10种酵母为香格里拉地区首次发现。用SSR分子标记的方法对香格里拉分离到的47株酿酒酵母进行遗传多样性分析,47株酿酒酵母被分为24种基因型,11个微卫星位点共检测到70个等位基因,平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.640,平均观测杂合度(Ho)为0.166,平均期望杂合度(He)为0.693。【结论】香格里拉葡萄酒产区酵母菌资源丰富,表现出较高的物种多样性和中等程度的酿酒酵母遗传多样性。研究该产区酵母菌的多样性,为香格里拉酵母资源多样性的保护和利用奠定基础。
[Background] Shangri-La wine-producing region of Yunnan is located in the Three Parallel Rivers National Park,and its microbial resources are abundant.The variety of wild-yeasts associated with wine making is also very diverse.[Objective] To study the diversity of yeasts and the genetic diversity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in Shangri-La wine-producing region.[Methods] Five vineyards from the Shangri-La Jinsha River and Lancang River were selected to collect ripe grape samples and separate the yeasts from the grape peel and fermentation process.The yeast species were identified by WL (Wallerstein laboratory nutrient agar) identification medium and 26S rDNA D1/D2 domain sequence analysis.The genetic diversity of S.cerevisiae was studied by SSR molecular markers.[Results] A total of 230 wild yeasts isolated from grape berries were identified as 13 genera and 18 species,of which 10 species were found for the first time in Shangri-La.Genetic diversity of 47 S.cerevisiae strains was analyzed by SSR molecular markers,and 47 strains of S.cerevisiae were divided into 24 genotypes.70 alleles were observed by microsatellite markers among the 47 strains.The average polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.640.The mean observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 0.166,and the mean expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.693.[Conclusion] There are abundant yeast resources in the Shangri-La Wine-producing region,which shows the high species diversity of yeast and moderate genetic diversity of S.cerevisiae.Study on the diversity of yeast in this area,it aims to lay a foundation for the conservation and utilization of the diversity of Shangri-La’s yeast resources.
作者
杨宽
毛如志
赵悦
何迟
王慧玲
曹建宏
速伟
何霞红
YANG Kuan;MAO Ru-Zhi;ZHAO Yue;HE Chi;WANG Hui-Ling;CAO Jian-Hong;SU Wei;HE Xia-Hong(The National Center for Agricultural Biodiversity, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China;State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China;Shangri-La Wine Limited by Share Ltd., Diqing, Yunnan 674412, China;Plant Inspection Station of Chengjiang County, Yuxi, Yunnan 652500, China)
出处
《微生物学通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第12期2708-2721,共14页
Microbiology China
基金
云南省科技厅院士自由探索项目(2016HA014)~~
关键词
香格里拉葡萄酒产区
酵母菌
分子鉴定
生物多样性
Shangri-La wine-producing region
Yeasts
Molecular identification
Biodiversity
