摘要
本文通过理论分析提出了农村人力资本转移的水平效应、自溢出效应和逆溢出效应,并测算了1988-2013年中国31个省份的城乡人力资本水平。然后验证农村人力资本流入城市对城乡收入所产生的三种效应,最终得出以下结论:(1)我国城乡人力资本差距在逐年扩大,且东部地区更为严重。(2)人力资本从农村流入城市的总效应会扩大城乡收入差距,而分效应中的水平效应却会缩小城乡居民收入差距。(3)城乡人力资本的自溢出效应能够增加城乡居民收入,但城市自溢出效应强于农村,因而人力资本的自溢出效应会扩大城乡居民收入差距。(4)农村人力资本转移存在显著的逆溢出效应,该效应对城乡收入差距的扩大具有一定缓和作用。但不能逆转差距扩大的总体趋势。
Based on theoretical analysis,this paper puts forward the horizontal effect,self- spilloyer effect and counter-spiUover effect of rural human capital transfer,and estimates the level of urban and rural human capital in 31provinces of China from 1988to 2013.Then we verify the three effects of rural human capital transfer on the income of urban and rural residents.The conclusions are as follows:First,China's urban-rural human capital gap was continuously expanding, especially in the eastern region..Second,the overall effect of rural human capital transfer can widen the urban-rural income gap,but the horizontal effect of rural fiuman capital transfer has a tendency of decreasing the income gap.Third,The self-spillover effect of human capital transfer can increase the income of both urban and rural residents,but the self-spillover effect in urban areas is stronger than that in rural areas ,whichqs-the-reason why-the-self-spillover effect can widen:the income gap.Fourth,there is a significant reverse spillover effect in the rural human capital transfer,which has a moderating effect on the expansion of urban-rural income gap,but can hot reverse the overall trend of the widening gap.
作者
胡志高
曹建华
龙慧
HU Zhigao;CAO Jianhua;LONG Hui
出处
《农业技术经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第11期30-43,共14页
Journal of Agrotechnical Economics
基金
浙江省哲学社会科学研究基地课题“浙江欠发达山区农户生计策略研究”(编号:15JDNF01YB)
关键词
人力资本
城乡收入差距
水平效应
自溢出效应
逆溢出效应
Human capital
urban-rural income gap
horizontal effect
self-spillover effect
inverse-spillover effect
