摘要
公园绿地是鸟类在城市中的重要栖息地,但其周边环境的城市化程度对鸟类多样性和分布的影响尚不明确。本研究以上海面积较一致的30个大型公园绿地为对象,在量化其周边环境城市化程度的基础上,分析春冬两季鸟类物种多样性在城市化梯度上的变化格局,并采用指示种分析法划分鸟类在城市化梯度上的分布类型。结果表明:春冬两季鸟类的丰富度、Shannon指数(H)和Pielou指数均随城市化程度降低呈现阶梯递增的趋势,其中丰富度和H与4个城市化因子呈显著负相关;鸟类在城市化梯度上存在5种分布类型:城市依赖型、城市适生型、郊区适生型、城市回避型、季节变化型;30种常见鸟类中多为郊区适生型和城市回避型,分别为7种和15种,表明只有少数鸟类能适应甚至依赖城市,大多数鸟类回避城市环境、多出现在城郊地区。鸟类这种在城市化梯度上的分布特征决定了其物种多样性随城市化程度增大而减小的格局。
Park green spaces are important habitats for birds in city.However,the effects of their surrounding environment on diversity and distribution of birds are not clear.In this study,the variations of avian diversity along urbanization gradient were investigated in 30parks with similar acreage in Shanghai,by quantifying urbanization degree of the surrounding area of each park. The avian species groups were classified based on their distribution along urbanization gradients by indicator species analysis.The results showed that species richness,Shannon index and Pielou index of birds decreased with urbanization degree,with which richness and Shannon index signi- ficantly negatively correlated with the four selected variables indicating urbanization degree.The bird species in parks could be categorized into five groups,including urban dependent,urban adaptor,suburban adaptor,urban avoider and seasonal urban-rural migrant.Out of the 30com- mon species,seven and 15species are suburban adaptor and urban avoider,respectively,indica- ting few species can adapt to urban environment and most of them occur in rural area to avoid urban environment.The ecological characteristic of birds responding to urbanization determines the avian biodiversity pattern along urbanization gradient.
作者
刘娜娜
寿丹艺
达良俊
LIU Na-na;SHOU Dan-yi;DA Liang-jun(School of Civil Engineer-ing &Architecture,Changzhou Institute of Technology,Changzhou 213022,Jiangsa,China;School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Process and Eco-Restoration,Shanghai 200241,China;Institute of Eco-Chongming ,Shanghai200062,China)
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第12期3676-3684,共9页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0506003)
国家自然科学基金项目(31770468)
上海市科委科技创新项目(17295810603
18DZ1204600)
上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(沪农科创字(2018)第2-6号)资助
关键词
城市
生态种组
指示种
city
ecological species group
indicator species
