摘要
关于四川崖墓的起源问题一直未有定论。新津瑞麟寺山墓地新发现的一批早期崖墓,为四川崖墓的起源提供了重要线索。将这批崖墓与关中土洞墓、峡江地区土洞墓、中原西汉崖墓等进行比较可知,四川崖墓起源于关中土洞墓,是土洞墓适应四川地理环境而产生的一种具有地域特点的洞室墓。商洛崖墓地处交通要道,晚于关中土洞墓,早于四川崖墓,形制上承上启下,完善了关中土洞墓到四川崖墓的传播链。峡江地区土洞墓的分布以巫山为中心,该区域并未发现崖墓,不仅与四川崖墓起源无关,相反还阻碍崖墓的东传。四川崖墓起源与西方崖墓并无直接关系。四川崖墓的某些构造理念受到了以徐州为中心的西汉崖墓影响。四川崖墓的出现与汉代鬼魂信仰变革、中原移民大量入蜀、墓内祭祀和合葬习俗的兴起等因素有关。
The recently discovered early cave-tombs in Xinjin provide important evidence for the study of the origin of cave-tombs in Sichuan. Through comparison between these cave-tombs and relative tombs in the Central Plains and Xiajiang area, this article points out that the cave-tombs in Sichuan originated from earth tombs in the Central Plains and evolved to adapt the local geographic environment. There was a transmission chain between the earth tombs in Guanzhong Plain, cave-tombs in Shangluo and cavetombs in Sichuan. The origin of cave-tombs in Sichuan was irrelevant to the earth tombs in Xiajiang area and western cave-tombs; they were to some extent influenced by those in Xuzhou. And the cave-tombs in Sichuan was related with the transformation of spirit belief in the Han dynasty, massive immigrants into Sichuan from the Central Plains and custom of sacrifice inside the tomb and joint burial tombs.
出处
《中国国家博物馆馆刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第11期24-44,共21页
Journal of National Museum of China
关键词
四川崖墓
起源
土洞墓
商洛崖墓
徐州崖墓
Cave-tombs in Sichuan
origin
earth tombs
cave-tombs in Shangluo
cave-tombs in Xuzhou