摘要
目的总结FDA基于动物法则批准上市的药物开展动物有效性试验的情况,分析基于动物数据外推临床人体药效和给药剂量的策略,供业内参考。方法笔者按适应证分类归纳了依据动物法则开展的支持药物上市的动物有效性试验分组、给药方案、给药剂量、主要终点指标等信息,并分析总结了基于动物有效性试验数据选择临床给药剂量和外推临床药效的策略。结果动物法则适用于治疗或预防由化学物质、微生物、放射性物质引起的严重威胁生命疾病的、因不符合伦理或不可行而无法获得临床人体有效性数据的化学药物或生物制品(包括疫苗)的注册,基于充分的动物有效性试验数据支持临床有效性,并指导人体给药剂量的选择。结论需采用动物法则评价的药物,其临床有效性可依据充分严格对照的动物药效学试验数据推断,并外推临床给药剂量。
OBJECTIVE To provide reference for the industry, introduce the experimental design of animal efficacy studies and human dosage extrapolating strategy about drugs and biological products (including vaccines) approved by FDA under animal rule. METHODS This article provides an overview catalogued by the indications of drugs (including vaccines), on experimental grouping, dosage regimen, critical efficacy endpoints and other elements in the adequate and well-controlled animal efficacy studies, and further analyses the strategy of extrapolating animals efficacy data. RESULTS The regulations commonly known as the animal rule allow for the licensure of drugs and biological products developed to reduce or prevent serious or life-threatening conditions caused by exposure to lethal or permanently disabling toxic chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear substances, when human efficacy studies are not ethical and field trials to study the effectiveness of drugs or biological products are not feasible. CONCLUSION Under the animal rule, drug efficacy can be established based on adequate and well-controlled studies in animal models and the human dosing regimens can be extrapolated based on the animal data.
作者
余珊珊
尹华静
王庆利
胡晓敏
YU Shan-shan;YIN Hua-jing;WANG Qing-li;HU Xiao-min(Center for Drug Evaluation, China Food and Drug Administration, Beijing 100022, China)
出处
《中国药学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第22期1964-1970,共7页
Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal
