摘要
目的了解学龄前儿童母亲不同喂养行为现状及其影响因素,为指导学龄前儿童科学喂养行为提供理论支持。方法采用整群抽样方法,抽取上海市4所幼儿园共872名学前儿童及其母亲,母亲完成儿童喂养行为问卷、儿童行为评估问卷、童年食物缺乏情况问卷、体重感知测验。采用标准体重计和身高计测量儿童和母亲的体质量指数(BMI)。结果母亲监督饮食在不同年级、不同性别儿童间差异无统计学意义,对大班男生的限制饮食和逼迫进食行为高于大班女生(P值均<0.01)。回归分析结果显示,母亲学历负向预测监督饮食(B=-0.01,P<0.01),母亲责任心和担心正向预测监督饮食(B值分别为0.16,0.17,P值均<0.01);母亲的责任心和担心正向预测限制饮食(B值分别为0.16,0.19,P值均<0.01),儿童努力控制水平、儿童的BMI水平负向预测限制饮食(B值分别为-0.08,-0.05,P值均<0.05);母亲童年时期食物的短缺、母亲对儿童体重的期望以及母亲对儿童体重的责任心正向预测逼迫进食(B值分别为0.10,0.14,0.20,P值均<0.01),母亲学历和儿童的BMI负向预测逼迫进食(B值分别为-0.14,-0.08,P值均<0.01)。结论母亲喂养行为受到母亲自身因素和儿童特点的影响。母亲应采取合理的喂养行为促进儿童的健康发展。
Objective To understand the status and influencing factors of different feeding behaviors of mothers of preschool children,and to provide theoretical support for scientific feeding of preschool children.Methods A total of 872pre-school children and their mothers were selected from 4kindergartens in Shanghai by cluster sampling method.The mothers were asked to complete the Child Feeding Behavior Questionnaire,Children Behavior Questionnaire,Food Deficiency Questionnaire and Weight Perception Test.Children's and mothers'body mass indexes were measured by using standard weight and height gauges.Results There was no gender difference in mothers'feeding behaviors of the bottom class and the middle class children,but in the top class the restriction eating and pressure to eat behavior of boys were significantly higher than those of girls (P<0.01).Regression analysis results showed that :Mother's education negatively predicted monitoring eating (B =-0.01,P<0.01),mother's responsibility and concern about children's weight positively predicted monitoring eating behavior (B =0.16,0.17,P<0.01);Responsibility and concern about children's weight positively predicted restriction eating behaviors(B =0.16,0.19,P<0.01),while children's inhibition of control,children's BMI levels,negatively predicted restriction eating(B =-0.08,-0.05,P<0.01);Food insecurity in childood,expectations of children's weight,and responsibility for children's weight positively predicted pressure behavior (B =0.10, 0.14,0.20,P<0.01);Eedueation,level and children's BMI negatively predict the pressure to eat(B=-0.14,-0.08,P<0.01). Conclusion The mother's feeding behaviors are related to mother's and child's characteristics.Mothers should adopt suitable feeding behavior to control their child food intake.
作者
谢庆斌
胡芳
苏宏英
周楠
李燕
XIE Qingbin;HU Fang;SU Hongying;ZHOU Nan;LI Yan(College of Education,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai (200000),China)
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2018年第11期1628-1631,共4页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
上海师范大学研究生优秀成果培育项目(A-0132-18-004009)
关键词
行为
因素分析
统计学
儿童
学龄前
饮食习惯
Behavior
Factor analysis,statistical
Child,preschool
Food habits
