摘要
胰岛由分泌胰岛素的β细胞、分泌胰高血糖素的α细胞以及分泌生长抑素的δ细胞等多种细胞组成,其组织内的细胞环路对胰岛稳态和血糖维持有重要的调控作用,是目前胰岛功能和糖尿病研究的热点.最近的研究表明,α-β细胞对话对胰岛环路的建立以及正常β细胞的功能的发挥起着重要的调节作用,而且无论是β-δ环路功能障碍,还是δ-β环路的过度激活,都会导致胰岛稳态的破坏和血糖紊乱.这些研究为胰岛环路如何调节胰岛稳态和血糖水平提供了初步的线索,但更全面详细的研究尚未充分开展.因此,深入阐明胰岛环路的构成与功能,及其如何在生理和病理过程中发挥作用,不仅可以更好地理解胰岛如何作为一个组织在血糖代谢中维持自身稳态并发挥其功能,也可为通过调节和塑造胰岛环路,开发新型的糖尿病防治策略奠定基础.
Pancreatic islets consist of insulin-producing β cells,glucagon-secreting α cells and somatostati-secreting δcells.The islet cell circuit plays an important role in regulating islet homeostasis and maintaining blood glucose levels,which is the hotspot in nowadays study of pancreatic islet function and diabetes mellitus.Recent studies have shown that α-β cell crosstalk plays critical roles in establishing the islet cell circuit and maintaining β-cell at a physiological context,and that both dysfunction and excessive activation of β-δcell loop can lead to destruction of islet homeostasis and disorder of glucose metabolism.These studies provide preliminary clues as to how the islet circuit regulates islet homeostasis and blood glucose levels,but more detailed studies have not been fully investigated. Therefore,in-depth clarification of the architecture and function of islet circuit,and elucidation of how it plays a role in the physiological and pathological process,will not only help us to understand how islets act as a functional tissue for blood glucose metabolism,but also lay the foundation for the development of new diabetes therapeutic strategies by regulating and shaping the islet circuit.
作者
林婧宇
程杰
王进
于晓
LIN JingYu;CHENG Jie;WANG Jin;YU Xiao(Department of Physiology &Pathophysiology,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Shandong University,Jinan 250012,China)
出处
《中国科学：生命科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第11期1180-1186,共7页
Scientia Sinica(Vitae)
关键词
胰岛细胞环路
Α细胞
Β细胞
δ细胞
胰岛稳态
糖代谢
islet cell circuit
α cells
β cells
δ cells
islet homeostasis
glucose metabolism
